Billy Bowlegs and the Seminole Indians...

Item # 691682

September 15, 1852

DAILY NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, Washington, D.C., Sept. 15, 1852

* Billy Bowlegs - Florida Seminoles Indians Chief

Page 3 has: "The Indians In Texas" as well as: "The Seminole Delegation" which includes talk of Billy Bowlegs. Another item mentions Nathaniel Hawthorne has written a biography of General Pierce.
At the top of page 3 is: "An Indian Fight And a 'Treaty of Peace' In Oregon".
The back page has two notices: "By the President of the United States" concerning the sale of public land in Minnesota and Wisconsin, each signed in type: Millard Fillmore.
Four pages, minor loss at blank margins, good condition.

AI notes: Billy Bowlegs, born Holata Micco around 1810 in what is now Paynes Prairie, Florida, was a prominent Seminole chief whose leadership spanned the Second and Third Seminole Wars. Known in English as “Billy Bowlegs” or “Alligator Chief,” he emerged as a key figure after the deaths and capture of earlier leaders like Osceola, resisting U.S. attempts to remove the Seminoles from their lands. In the 1840s, he traveled to Washington, D.C., as a representative of his people, and by the 1850s he led renewed guerrilla resistance during the Third Seminole War, defending southern Florida against encroaching settlers and federal forces. Despite his small band of warriors, Bowlegs maintained a stubborn defiance until 1858, when he surrendered under U.S. pressure and agreed to relocate to Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma), where he continued to be a respected leader until his death around 1859. His life and leadership symbolize the Seminoles’ determined struggle to preserve their autonomy and homeland in the face of overwhelming U.S. expansion.