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    <date type="date">1934-01-29</date>
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    <description>THE NEW YORK TIMES, New York, January 29, 1934&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* John Dillinger headled back to jail&amp;nbsp; - Crown Point Jail, Indiana&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
* Tuscon Arizona capture&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 32 page newspaper has one column headlines on page 3 that include: &amp;quot;SPEED EXTRADITION OF DILLINGER GANG&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Indiana Officers Reach Tucson and Dispatch the Papers to Governor Moeur&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Pierpont Tells Police Chief He Is Sorry He Didn't Get Chance to Kill Him&lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and more. See photos for text.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tells of Dillinger's recent capture in Tuscon AZ and Indiana officials wanting him to stand trial in their state. He would make his infamous escape from Crown Point Jail in Indiana a few weeks latter.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day throughout. Light browning with minor margin wear, otherwise in nice condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;A fire broke out at the Hotel Congress in Tucson where members of the Dillinger gang were staying. Forced to leave their luggage behind, they were rescued through a window and down a fire truck ladder. Charles Makley tipped a couple of firemen $12 to climb back up and retrieve the luggage, affording the firefighters a good look at several members of Dillinger's gang. The firemen later recognized Makley and Ed Shouse while thumbing through a copy of True Detective and informed the police who promptly arrested Harry Pierpont, Charles Makley, Russell Clark, Ed Shouse, and Dillinger. They found them in possession of over $25,000 in cash, three sub-machine guns, and five machine guns. Tucson celebrates the historic arrest with an annual &amp;quot;Dillinger Days&amp;quot; festival, the highlight of which is a reenactment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The men were extradited to stand trial in Indiana, where they were held in the Crown Point jail.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE NEW YORK TIMES, New York, January 29, 1934  

* John Dillinger headled back to jail  - Crown Point Jail, Indiana  
* Tuscon Arizona capture  

This 32 page newspaper has one column headlines on page 3 that include: "SPEED EXTRADITION OF DILLINGER GANG" "Indiana Officers Reach Tucson and Dispatch the Papers to Governor Moeur" "Pierpont Tells Police Chief He Is Sorry He Didn't Get Chance to Kill Him" and more. See photos for text.

Tells of Dillinger's recent capture in Tuscon AZ and Indiana officials wanting him to stand trial in their state. He would make his infamous escape from Crown Point Jail in Indiana a few weeks latter.

Other news of the day throughout. Light browning with minor margin wear, otherwise in nice condition.

wikipedia notes: A fire broke out at the Hotel Congress in Tucson where members of the Dillinger gang were staying. Forced to leave their luggage behind, they were rescued through a window and down a fire truck ladder. Charles Makley tipped a couple of firemen $12 to climb back up and retrieve the luggage, affording the firefighters a good look at several members of Dillinger's gang. The firemen later recognized Makley and Ed Shouse while thumbing through a copy of True Detective and informed the police who promptly arrested Harry Pierpont, Charles Makley, Russell Clark, Ed Shouse, and Dillinger. They found them in possession of over $25,000 in cash, three sub-machine guns, and five machine guns. Tucson celebrates the historic arrest with an annual "Dillinger Days" festival, the highlight of which is a reenactment.

The men were extradited to stand trial in Indiana, where they were held in the Crown Point jail.</description-text>
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    <price type="decimal">33.0</price>
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    <subheader>John Dillinger Tucson AZ capture...  </subheader>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2010-03-01T15:36:18-05:00</updated-at>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2010-01-15T09:49:07-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1946-10-17</date>
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    <description>FITCHBURG SENTINEL, Fitchburg, Massachusetts, October 17, 1946&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Nazis war criminals hanged&lt;br /&gt;
* Hermann Goering suicide&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 26 page newspaper has one column headlines on the front page: &amp;quot;Goering Probe Places 12 Nazis Under Scrutiny&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Nuernberg Jail Employees Held As Board Seeks To Find Source Of Poison&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day. Little margin wear, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Defying the sentence imposed by his captors, he committed suicide with a potassium cyanide capsule the night before he was to be hanged. G&amp;ouml;ring had hidden two cyanide capsules in jars of opaque skin cream (he had dermatitis). It has been claimed that G&amp;ouml;ring befriended U.S. Army Lieutenant Jack G. Wheelis, who was stationed at the Nuremberg Trials and helped G&amp;ouml;ring obtain cyanide which had been hidden among G&amp;ouml;ring's personal effects when they were confiscated by the Army. In 2005, former U.S. Army Private Herbert Lee Stivers claimed he gave G&amp;ouml;ring &amp;quot;medicine&amp;quot; hidden inside a gift fountain pen from a German woman the private had met and flirted with. Stivers served in the 1st Infantry Division's 26th Infantry Regiment, who formed the honor guard for the Nuremberg Trials. Stivers claims to have been unaware of what the &amp;quot;medicine&amp;quot; he delivered actually was until after G&amp;ouml;ring's death. Because he committed suicide, his dead body was displayed by the gallows for the witnesses of the executions.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>FITCHBURG SENTINEL, Fitchburg, Massachusetts, October 17, 1946

* Nazis war criminals hanged
* Hermann Goering suicide

This 26 page newspaper has one column headlines on the front page: "Goering Probe Places 12 Nazis Under Scrutiny" and "Nuernberg Jail Employees Held As Board Seeks To Find Source Of Poison".

Other news of the day. Little margin wear, otherwise in good condition.

wikipedia notes: Defying the sentence imposed by his captors, he committed suicide with a potassium cyanide capsule the night before he was to be hanged. G&amp;ouml;ring had hidden two cyanide capsules in jars of opaque skin cream (he had dermatitis). It has been claimed that G&amp;ouml;ring befriended U.S. Army Lieutenant Jack G. Wheelis, who was stationed at the Nuremberg Trials and helped G&amp;ouml;ring obtain cyanide which had been hidden among G&amp;ouml;ring's personal effects when they were confiscated by the Army. In 2005, former U.S. Army Private Herbert Lee Stivers claimed he gave G&amp;ouml;ring "medicine" hidden inside a gift fountain pen from a German woman the private had met and flirted with. Stivers served in the 1st Infantry Division's 26th Infantry Regiment, who formed the honor guard for the Nuremberg Trials. Stivers claims to have been unaware of what the "medicine" he delivered actually was until after G&amp;ouml;ring's death. Because he committed suicide, his dead body was displayed by the gallows for the witnesses of the executions.</description-text>
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    <subheader>Hermann Goering Nazis Hang in 1946....</subheader>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2010-03-03T11:07:33-05:00</updated-at>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2010-01-11T11:57:12-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1992-06-29</date>
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    <description>THE SPORTING NEWS, St. Louis, Missouri, June 29, 1992&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Certainly the premier newspaper/magazine for the sporting world, its 40+ pages are simply filled with the latest news in American sports, including a front page photo which was the highlight of the week. The top names and events of all American sports eventually found their way in the pages of The Sporting News.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* &amp;quot;Managers in the Making&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The front page photo of this issue shows &amp;quot;Managers in the Making--Filling the lineup today, filling out the lineup tomorrow.&amp;quot; Some of the items within this issue include: &amp;quot;Obstacles in the road--The Redskins and Bills face different challenges in the season after&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Olympian nightmare--The U.S. track and field trials' upsets...on the track and in the courts&amp;quot; and more.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You get the complete issue, measuring about 10 1/2 by 13 1/2 inches. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A nice displayable issue for any sports fan!</description>
    <description-text>THE SPORTING NEWS, St. Louis, Missouri, June 29, 1992

Certainly the premier newspaper/magazine for the sporting world, its 40+ pages are simply filled with the latest news in American sports, including a front page photo which was the highlight of the week. The top names and events of all American sports eventually found their way in the pages of The Sporting News.

* "Managers in the Making"

The front page photo of this issue shows "Managers in the Making--Filling the lineup today, filling out the lineup tomorrow." Some of the items within this issue include: "Obstacles in the road--The Redskins and Bills face different challenges in the season after", "Olympian nightmare--The U.S. track and field trials' upsets...on the track and in the courts" and more.

You get the complete issue, measuring about 10 1/2 by 13 1/2 inches. 

A nice displayable issue for any sports fan!</description-text>
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    <price type="decimal">25.0</price>
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    <subheader>"Managers in the Making"...</subheader>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2010-01-11T11:57:12-05:00</updated-at>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2010-01-05T11:39:00-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1970-08-06</date>
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    <description>LEOMINSTER ENTERPRISE, Leominster, Massachusetts, August 6, 1970&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Charles Manson murder trial&lt;br /&gt;
* Actress Sharon Tate&lt;br /&gt;
* Court room antics&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 10 page newspaper has a two column headline on page 2: &amp;quot;Manson 'Girls' Employ New Tactic For Mistrial&amp;quot;.&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
See photos for text. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day throughout. Some tiny binding holes along the spine, otherwise in good condition.</description>
    <description-text>LEOMINSTER ENTERPRISE, Leominster, Massachusetts, August 6, 1970

* Charles Manson murder trial
* Actress Sharon Tate
* Court room antics

This 10 page newspaper has a two column headline on page 2: "Manson 'Girls' Employ New Tactic For Mistrial".

See photos for text. 

Other news of the day throughout. Some tiny binding holes along the spine, otherwise in good condition.</description-text>
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    <id type="integer">566504</id>
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    <subheader>Charles Manson murder trial in 1970....</subheader>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2010-03-03T10:56:31-05:00</updated-at>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-12-24T07:43:10-05:00</created-at>
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    <date type="date">1874-08-08</date>
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    <description>DAYS' DOINGS, New York, Aug. 8, 1874&amp;nbsp; Printed as a banner across the title is: &amp;quot;The Brooklyn Scandal&amp;quot; which is the focus of this issue: the &amp;quot;Beecher-Tilton Scandal&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
To provide the backdrop (credit: Wilipedia),&amp;nbsp; Henry Ward Beecher was a prominent, Congregationalist clergyman, social reformer, abolitionist, and speaker in the mid to late 19th century. An 1875 adultery trial in which he was accused of having an affair with a married woman was one of the most notorious American trials of the 19th century.&lt;br /&gt;
In the highly publicized scandal known as the Beecher-Tilton Affair, he was tried on charges that he had committed adultery with a friend's wife, Elizabeth Tilton. In 1870, Elizabeth had confessed to her husband, Theodore Tilton, that she had had a relationship with Henry Ward Beecher. &lt;br /&gt;
The charges became public when Theodore Tilton told Elizabeth Cady Stanton of his wife's confession. Stanton repeated the story to fellow women's rights leaders Victoria Woodhull and Isabella Beecher Hooker.&lt;br /&gt;
Beecher had publicly denounced Woodhull's advocacy of free love. She published a story in her paper (Woodhull and Claflin's Weekly) in 1872 claiming that America's most renowned clergyman was secretly practicing the free-love doctrines which he denounced from the pulpit. The story created a national sensation. As a result, Woodhull was arrested in New York City and imprisoned for sending obscene material through the mail. The Plymouth Church held a board of inquiry and exonerated Beecher, but excommunicated Mr. Tilton in 1873.&lt;br /&gt;
Tilton then sued Beecher: the trial began in January 1875, and ended in July when the jurors deliberated for six days but were unable to reach a verdict. His wife loyally supported him throughout the ordeal.&lt;br /&gt;
The front page features a print of: &amp;quot;Mrs. Elizabeth R. Tilton&amp;quot; with text headed: &amp;quot;Beecher-&amp;quot;Tilton Scandal&amp;quot; taking the balance of the front page &amp;amp; carrying over to page 2. There is also another fullpg. of text with four illustrations headed: &amp;quot;The Beecher-Tilton Scandal&amp;quot; (see). &lt;br /&gt;
The balance of the issue is taken up with sensational &amp;quot;tabloid&amp;quot; reports &amp;amp; illustrations as was the theme with this newspaper, making this an ideal publication for this scandal.&lt;br /&gt;
Sixteen pages, never bound nor trimmed, wear at the margins with some archival mends to inside pages. String-bound at the spine.</description>
    <description-text>DAYS' DOINGS, New York, Aug. 8, 1874  Printed as a banner across the title is: "The Brooklyn Scandal" which is the focus of this issue: the "Beecher-Tilton Scandal".
To provide the backdrop (credit: Wilipedia),  Henry Ward Beecher was a prominent, Congregationalist clergyman, social reformer, abolitionist, and speaker in the mid to late 19th century. An 1875 adultery trial in which he was accused of having an affair with a married woman was one of the most notorious American trials of the 19th century.
In the highly publicized scandal known as the Beecher-Tilton Affair, he was tried on charges that he had committed adultery with a friend's wife, Elizabeth Tilton. In 1870, Elizabeth had confessed to her husband, Theodore Tilton, that she had had a relationship with Henry Ward Beecher. 
The charges became public when Theodore Tilton told Elizabeth Cady Stanton of his wife's confession. Stanton repeated the story to fellow women's rights leaders Victoria Woodhull and Isabella Beecher Hooker.
Beecher had publicly denounced Woodhull's advocacy of free love. She published a story in her paper (Woodhull and Claflin's Weekly) in 1872 claiming that America's most renowned clergyman was secretly practicing the free-love doctrines which he denounced from the pulpit. The story created a national sensation. As a result, Woodhull was arrested in New York City and imprisoned for sending obscene material through the mail. The Plymouth Church held a board of inquiry and exonerated Beecher, but excommunicated Mr. Tilton in 1873.
Tilton then sued Beecher: the trial began in January 1875, and ended in July when the jurors deliberated for six days but were unable to reach a verdict. His wife loyally supported him throughout the ordeal.
The front page features a print of: "Mrs. Elizabeth R. Tilton" with text headed: "Beecher-"Tilton Scandal" taking the balance of the front page &amp; carrying over to page 2. There is also another fullpg. of text with four illustrations headed: "The Beecher-Tilton Scandal" (see). 
The balance of the issue is taken up with sensational "tabloid" reports &amp; illustrations as was the theme with this newspaper, making this an ideal publication for this scandal.
Sixteen pages, never bound nor trimmed, wear at the margins with some archival mends to inside pages. String-bound at the spine.</description-text>
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    <message type="NilClass">&lt;h3&gt;&lt;font color = red&gt;Item from Catalog 172 (released March, 2010).&lt;/font color&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;</message>
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    <subheader>The Beecher-Tilton scandal...</subheader>
    <topics>cat172</topics>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2010-03-01T07:42:12-05:00</updated-at>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-12-22T07:27:11-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1962-08-20</date>
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    <description>FITCHBURG SENTINEL, Fitchburg, Massachusetts, August 20, 1962 &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Peter Fechter murder&lt;br /&gt;
* Berlin Wall - Germany&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 18 page newspaper has a one column headline on the front page: &amp;quot;West Berlin Youths Spur Wall Chaos&amp;quot; with related photo. (see photos)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tells of the the tensions around the Berlin wall soon after the shooting death of 18 year old Peter Fechter. (is mentioned)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day. Minor spine wear, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;About one year after the construction of the wall, Fechter attempted to flee from the GDR (German Democratic Republic) together with his friend Helmut Kulbeik. The plan was to hide in a carpenter's workshop near the wall in Zimmerstrasse and, after observing the border guards from there, to jump out of a window into the so-called death-strip (a strip running between the main wall and a parallel fence which they had recently started to construct), run across it, and climb over the two metre (6.5 ft) wall topped with barbed wire into the Kreuzberg district of West Berlin near Checkpoint Charlie.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When both reached the wall, guards fired at them. Although Kulbeik succeeded in crossing the wall, Fechter, still on the wall, was shot in the pelvis in plain view of hundreds of witnesses. He fell back into the death-strip on the Eastern side, where he remained in view of Western onlookers, including journalists. Despite his screams, he received no medical assistance either from the East or the West side. He bled to death after about an hour. Hundreds in West Berlin formed a spontaneous demonstration, shouting &amp;quot;Murderers!&amp;quot; at the border guards.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The lack of medical assistance for Peter Fechter was attributed to mutual fear: western bystanders were apparently prevented at gunpoint from assisting him, although according to a report in TIME magazine, a U.S. second-lieutenant on the scene received specific orders from the US Commandant in West Berlin to stand firm and do nothing. It also emerged during the trial that any aid attempt from the West had indeed been made impossible, but according to a report from forensic pathologist Otto Prokop, &amp;quot;Fechter had no chance of survival. The shot in the right hip had caused severe internal injuries.&amp;quot; Likewise the head of the GDR border platoon stated that he was afraid to intervene, because of an incident just three days earlier when a GDR soldier Rudi Arnstadt had probably been shot by a Western federal policeman. Nonetheless, the GDR border soldiers did retrieve Peter Fechter's dead body an hour after he had fallen.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>FITCHBURG SENTINEL, Fitchburg, Massachusetts, August 20, 1962 

* Peter Fechter murder
* Berlin Wall - Germany

This 18 page newspaper has a one column headline on the front page: "West Berlin Youths Spur Wall Chaos" with related photo. (see photos)

Tells of the the tensions around the Berlin wall soon after the shooting death of 18 year old Peter Fechter. (is mentioned)

Other news of the day. Minor spine wear, otherwise in good condition.

wikipedia notes: About one year after the construction of the wall, Fechter attempted to flee from the GDR (German Democratic Republic) together with his friend Helmut Kulbeik. The plan was to hide in a carpenter's workshop near the wall in Zimmerstrasse and, after observing the border guards from there, to jump out of a window into the so-called death-strip (a strip running between the main wall and a parallel fence which they had recently started to construct), run across it, and climb over the two metre (6.5 ft) wall topped with barbed wire into the Kreuzberg district of West Berlin near Checkpoint Charlie.

When both reached the wall, guards fired at them. Although Kulbeik succeeded in crossing the wall, Fechter, still on the wall, was shot in the pelvis in plain view of hundreds of witnesses. He fell back into the death-strip on the Eastern side, where he remained in view of Western onlookers, including journalists. Despite his screams, he received no medical assistance either from the East or the West side. He bled to death after about an hour. Hundreds in West Berlin formed a spontaneous demonstration, shouting "Murderers!" at the border guards.

The lack of medical assistance for Peter Fechter was attributed to mutual fear: western bystanders were apparently prevented at gunpoint from assisting him, although according to a report in TIME magazine, a U.S. second-lieutenant on the scene received specific orders from the US Commandant in West Berlin to stand firm and do nothing. It also emerged during the trial that any aid attempt from the West had indeed been made impossible, but according to a report from forensic pathologist Otto Prokop, "Fechter had no chance of survival. The shot in the right hip had caused severe internal injuries." Likewise the head of the GDR border platoon stated that he was afraid to intervene, because of an incident just three days earlier when a GDR soldier Rudi Arnstadt had probably been shot by a Western federal policeman. Nonetheless, the GDR border soldiers did retrieve Peter Fechter's dead body an hour after he had fallen.</description-text>
    <folder-id type="integer">6</folder-id>
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    <price type="decimal">36.0</price>
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    <subheader>Peter Fetcher Berlin Wall murder....</subheader>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2010-02-01T14:15:24-05:00</updated-at>
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    <created-system-user-id type="integer">4</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1881-08-11</date>
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    <description>THE SCRANTON REPUBLICAN, Pennsylvania, 1881&amp;nbsp; A &lt;strong&gt;lot of four issues&lt;/strong&gt;, each with front page column heads concerning the Guiteau trial for assassinating President Garfield as well as the hoped for recovery &amp;amp; funeral plans for the President.&lt;br /&gt;
The ftpg. heads include for &lt;strong&gt;Aug. 11&lt;/strong&gt;: &amp;quot;The President&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Disappearance of the Fever&amp;quot;; &lt;strong&gt;Aug. 29&lt;/strong&gt;: &amp;quot;Guiteau&amp;quot; &amp;quot;The Assassin to Be Protected&amp;quot; &amp;quot;The President&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Marked Change for the Better&amp;quot;; &lt;strong&gt;Sept. 22&lt;/strong&gt;: &amp;quot;A Sad Journey&amp;quot; &amp;quot;From Elberon to Washington&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Leaving Elberon&amp;quot;; &lt;strong&gt;Nov. 17&lt;/strong&gt;: &amp;quot;The Guiteau Trial&amp;quot; &amp;quot;The Twelfth Juryman Secured&amp;quot; plus there are many subheads in each issue (see). &lt;br /&gt;
Each is complete in four pages, has some clean tears at the margins generally a nice group of four issues.</description>
    <description-text>THE SCRANTON REPUBLICAN, Pennsylvania, 1881  A lot of four issues, each with front page column heads concerning the Guiteau trial for assassinating President Garfield as well as the hoped for recovery &amp; funeral plans for the President.
The ftpg. heads include for Aug. 11: "The President" "Disappearance of the Fever"; Aug. 29: "Guiteau" "The Assassin to Be Protected" "The President" "Marked Change for the Better"; Sept. 22: "A Sad Journey" "From Elberon to Washington" "Leaving Elberon"; Nov. 17: "The Guiteau Trial" "The Twelfth Juryman Secured" plus there are many subheads in each issue (see). 
Each is complete in four pages, has some clean tears at the margins generally a nice group of four issues.</description-text>
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    <message type="NilClass">&lt;h3&gt;&lt;font color = red&gt;Item from Catalog 172 (released March, 2010).&lt;/font color&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;</message>
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    <price type="decimal">38.0</price>
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    <subheader>Four issue lot on Guiteau's trial &amp; the assassination of Garfield...</subheader>
    <topics>cat172</topics>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2010-03-01T07:42:13-05:00</updated-at>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-12-15T11:42:57-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">4</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1845-06-21</date>
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    <description>NILES' NATIONAL REGISTER, Baltimore, June 21, 1845&amp;nbsp; This small size newspaper began in 1811 and was a prime source for national political news of the first half of the19th century. As noted in Wikipedia, this title:&lt;em&gt; &amp;quot;...(was) one of the most widely-circulated magazines in the United States...Devoted primarily to politics...considered an important source for the history of the period.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All columns on pages 1 and 2 are black-bordered for the front page report headed: &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Death Of Gen. Andrew Jackson Ex-President Of The United States&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, which begins: &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;At six o'clock on Sunday evening the 8th of June, 1845, one of the most distinguished men this country has produced breathed the last breath of his mortal existence...&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; with much more. Included are some official &amp;quot;Announcements&amp;quot;, one signed in type by &lt;strong&gt;Sam. Houston&lt;/strong&gt;, and another by &lt;strong&gt;James K. Polk &lt;/strong&gt;(see for portions).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The back page has a report with a small head:&amp;quot;Mormon Topics&amp;quot; which concerns the trial of those indicted for the murder of Joseph and Hiram Smith (see).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other items in this issue include: &amp;quot;Morse's Magnetic Telegraph&amp;quot; which includes:&lt;em&gt; &amp;quot;...purpose of introducing the American telegraph as superior to any in operation there. The cost of construction in this country is estimated at $130 per mile...&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; (see). Also: &amp;quot;Treaty Between the United States &amp;amp; the Grand Duke of Hesse&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Texas Statistics&amp;quot; &amp;quot;The Colony of Liberia&amp;quot; and more.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sixteen pages, 8 1/2 by 12 inches, great condition.</description>
    <description-text>NILES' NATIONAL REGISTER, Baltimore, June 21, 1845  This small size newspaper began in 1811 and was a prime source for national political news of the first half of the19th century. As noted in Wikipedia, this title: "...(was) one of the most widely-circulated magazines in the United States...Devoted primarily to politics...considered an important source for the history of the period."

All columns on pages 1 and 2 are black-bordered for the front page report headed: "Death Of Gen. Andrew Jackson Ex-President Of The United States", which begins: "At six o'clock on Sunday evening the 8th of June, 1845, one of the most distinguished men this country has produced breathed the last breath of his mortal existence..." with much more. Included are some official "Announcements", one signed in type by Sam. Houston, and another by James K. Polk (see for portions).

The back page has a report with a small head:"Mormon Topics" which concerns the trial of those indicted for the murder of Joseph and Hiram Smith (see).

Other items in this issue include: "Morse's Magnetic Telegraph" which includes: "...purpose of introducing the American telegraph as superior to any in operation there. The cost of construction in this country is estimated at $130 per mile..." (see). Also: "Treaty Between the United States &amp; the Grand Duke of Hesse" "Texas Statistics" "The Colony of Liberia" and more.

Sixteen pages, 8 1/2 by 12 inches, great condition.</description-text>
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    <id type="integer">566006</id>
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    <price type="decimal">42.0</price>
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    <subheader>Mormon content...   Death of President Andrew Jackson...</subheader>
    <topics>nrbesttext mormon09  mormon03/10</topics>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2009-12-15T15:33:27-05:00</updated-at>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-12-11T12:25:14-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">4</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1861-09-09</date>
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    <description>LOUISVILLE DAILY COURIER, Kentucky, September 9, 1861&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Confederate newspaper from Kentucky&lt;br /&gt;
* Beauregard's report on the Battle of Bull Run&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Louisville is difficult to categorize as Union or Confederate during the Civil War as there were factions within the city supporting both. To placate both sides the two leading newspapers took their stands: the &amp;quot;Courier&amp;quot; was very much pro-Confederate &amp;amp; the &amp;quot;Journal&amp;quot; was more pro-Union. Here is an issue of the pro-Confederate &amp;quot;Courier&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The front page includes: &amp;quot;Reign of Terror--Military Murders from St. Louis&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Letter from Thos. H. Hays to Capt. J. G. Gorsuch&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Trouble Brewing&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Adams Express and Arms West&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Letter From Frankfort--Gen. Anderson in Frankfort--The Affairs in Southern Kentucky...&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Our Army Correspondence--The Western Virginia Campaign--Position of Col. Rust's Arkansas Regiment--The Federals Won't Fight&amp;quot; and other items.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Page 2 has some interesting editorial comments, one headed: &amp;quot;The War Is On Us&amp;quot; which begins:&lt;em&gt; &amp;quot;...The war is being transferred to our soil. The attempt to force Kentucky to pour out her blood &amp;amp; treasure in behalf of the usurpations &amp;amp; despotism of Abraham Lincoln is being made...&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; with more (see for portions).&amp;nbsp; Also on page 2: &amp;quot;The War Tax&amp;quot; &amp;quot;What Neutrality Means&amp;quot; and other items.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nice war reporting carries over to page 3 with: &amp;quot;Gen. Beauregard's Official Report of the Battle of Bull Run of the 18th of July, 1861&amp;quot; which is extremely significant, and takes nearly 3 columns, being signed by: G.T. Beauregard (see for portions). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Page 3 also has some nice column heads: &amp;quot;Matters on the Potomac&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Narrow Escape&amp;quot; &amp;quot;confederate Officer Released&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Rebels Near Arlington Heights&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Rioters On Trial!&amp;quot; and more.&amp;nbsp; And even more war reporting on the back page as well. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Complete as a four page newspaper, archivally rejoined at the spine, some small holes near the spine do cause some loss of text, including a portion of Beauregard's report on Bull Run (see).</description>
    <description-text>LOUISVILLE DAILY COURIER, Kentucky, September 9, 1861 

* Confederate newspaper from Kentucky
* Beauregard's report on the Battle of Bull Run

Louisville is difficult to categorize as Union or Confederate during the Civil War as there were factions within the city supporting both. To placate both sides the two leading newspapers took their stands: the "Courier" was very much pro-Confederate &amp; the "Journal" was more pro-Union. Here is an issue of the pro-Confederate "Courier".

The front page includes: "Reign of Terror--Military Murders from St. Louis" "Letter from Thos. H. Hays to Capt. J. G. Gorsuch" "Trouble Brewing" "Adams Express and Arms West" "Letter From Frankfort--Gen. Anderson in Frankfort--The Affairs in Southern Kentucky..." "Our Army Correspondence--The Western Virginia Campaign--Position of Col. Rust's Arkansas Regiment--The Federals Won't Fight" and other items.

Page 2 has some interesting editorial comments, one headed: "The War Is On Us" which begins: "...The war is being transferred to our soil. The attempt to force Kentucky to pour out her blood &amp; treasure in behalf of the usurpations &amp; despotism of Abraham Lincoln is being made..." with more (see for portions).  Also on page 2: "The War Tax" "What Neutrality Means" and other items.

Nice war reporting carries over to page 3 with: "Gen. Beauregard's Official Report of the Battle of Bull Run of the 18th of July, 1861" which is extremely significant, and takes nearly 3 columns, being signed by: G.T. Beauregard (see for portions). 

Page 3 also has some nice column heads: "Matters on the Potomac" "Narrow Escape" "confederate Officer Released" "Rebels Near Arlington Heights" "Rioters On Trial!" and more.  And even more war reporting on the back page as well. 

Complete as a four page newspaper, archivally rejoined at the spine, some small holes near the spine do cause some loss of text, including a portion of Beauregard's report on Bull Run (see).</description-text>
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    <price type="decimal">174.0</price>
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    <subheader>"Confederate" newspaper from Kentucky...   Much on neutrality, &amp; much on the Civil War...</subheader>
    <topics nil="true"></topics>
    <treat-as-catalog-item type="boolean">true</treat-as-catalog-item>
    <updated-at type="datetime">2010-01-20T07:57:09-05:00</updated-at>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-12-11T08:03:49-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1933-02-28</date>
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    <description>ALBANY EVENING NEWS, New York, NY, February 28, 1933&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Reichstag building fire (1st report)&lt;br /&gt;
* Nazi Germany beginning&lt;br /&gt;
* Adolph Hitler &amp;amp; more&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 20 page newspaper has one column headlines on the front page: &amp;quot;MARTIAL LAW FOR GERMANY&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Move Follows Reichstag Fire and Revelation of Communistic Plot &amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day throughout. Light browning and some wear around the margins, mostly along the spine, otherwise good. Should be handled with care.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;wikipedia notes: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Reichstag fire was an arson attack on the Reichstag building in Berlin on 27 February 1933. The event is seen as pivotal in the establishment of Nazi Germany.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
At 21:25hrs (UTC +1), a Berlin fire station received an alarm call that the Reichstag building, the assembly location of the German Parliament, was ablaze.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The fire started in the Session Chamber,[1] and by the time the police and firefighters had arrived, the main Chamber of Deputies was engulfed by flames. Inside the building, a thorough search conducted by the police resulted in the finding of a shirtless Marinus van der Lubbe. Van der Lubbe was a Dutch insurrectionist, council communist and unemployed bricklayer who had recently arrived in Germany, ostensibly to carry out his political activities. The fire was used as evidence by the Nazis that the Communists were beginning a 'plot' against the German government. Van der Lubbe and four Communist leaders were subsequently arrested. Adolf Hitler, who was sworn in as Chancellor of Germany four weeks before on 30 January, urged President Hindenburg to pass an emergency decree in order to counter the 'ruthless confrontation of the Communist Party of Germany'.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Meanwhile, investigation of the Reichstag Fire continued, with the Nazis eager to uncover Comintern complicity. In early March 1933, three men were arrested who were to play pivotal roles during the Leipzig Trial, known also as &amp;quot;Reichstag Fire Trial,&amp;quot; namely three Bulgarians: Georgi Dimitrov, Vasil Tanev and Blagoi Popov. The Bulgarians were known to the Prussian police as senior Comintern operatives, but the police had no idea how senior they were: Dimitrov was head of all Comintern operations in Western Europe.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Historians disagree as to whether van der Lubbe acted alone or if the Nazis were involved. The responsibility for the Reichstag Fire remains an ongoing topic of debate and research.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>ALBANY EVENING NEWS, New York, NY, February 28, 1933

* Reichstag building fire (1st report)
* Nazi Germany beginning
* Adolph Hitler &amp; more

This 20 page newspaper has one column headlines on the front page: "MARTIAL LAW FOR GERMANY" and "Move Follows Reichstag Fire and Revelation of Communistic Plot ".

Other news of the day throughout. Light browning and some wear around the margins, mostly along the spine, otherwise good. Should be handled with care.

wikipedia notes: The Reichstag fire was an arson attack on the Reichstag building in Berlin on 27 February 1933. The event is seen as pivotal in the establishment of Nazi Germany.

At 21:25hrs (UTC +1), a Berlin fire station received an alarm call that the Reichstag building, the assembly location of the German Parliament, was ablaze.

The fire started in the Session Chamber,[1] and by the time the police and firefighters had arrived, the main Chamber of Deputies was engulfed by flames. Inside the building, a thorough search conducted by the police resulted in the finding of a shirtless Marinus van der Lubbe. Van der Lubbe was a Dutch insurrectionist, council communist and unemployed bricklayer who had recently arrived in Germany, ostensibly to carry out his political activities. The fire was used as evidence by the Nazis that the Communists were beginning a 'plot' against the German government. Van der Lubbe and four Communist leaders were subsequently arrested. Adolf Hitler, who was sworn in as Chancellor of Germany four weeks before on 30 January, urged President Hindenburg to pass an emergency decree in order to counter the 'ruthless confrontation of the Communist Party of Germany'.

Meanwhile, investigation of the Reichstag Fire continued, with the Nazis eager to uncover Comintern complicity. In early March 1933, three men were arrested who were to play pivotal roles during the Leipzig Trial, known also as "Reichstag Fire Trial," namely three Bulgarians: Georgi Dimitrov, Vasil Tanev and Blagoi Popov. The Bulgarians were known to the Prussian police as senior Comintern operatives, but the police had no idea how senior they were: Dimitrov was head of all Comintern operations in Western Europe.

Historians disagree as to whether van der Lubbe acted alone or if the Nazis were involved. The responsibility for the Reichstag Fire remains an ongoing topic of debate and research.</description-text>
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    <newspaper-title-id type="integer" nil="true"></newspaper-title-id>
    <override-shipping type="decimal" nil="true"></override-shipping>
    <price type="decimal">27.0</price>
    <price-updated-at type="datetime">2009-12-11T08:03:49-05:00</price-updated-at>
    <quantity type="integer">1</quantity>
    <state nil="true"></state>
    <subheader>Reichstag fire in 1933...</subheader>
    <topics nil="true"></topics>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2010-02-01T14:31:35-05:00</updated-at>
    <updated-system-user-id type="integer">18</updated-system-user-id>
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    <contents-reviewed type="boolean">false</contents-reviewed>
    <created-at type="datetime">2009-12-10T12:25:39-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1935-01-14</date>
    <date-range-end type="date" nil="true"></date-range-end>
    <date-range-start type="date" nil="true"></date-range-start>
    <description>LEOMINSTER ENTERPRISE, Leominster, Massachusetts, January 14, 1935 &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Amelia Earhart (female aviator)&lt;br /&gt;
* Pacific Ocean flight success (Hawaii to Oakland)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 8 page newspaper has a one column headline on the front page: &amp;quot;AMELIA EARHART PUTNAM FINISHES PACIFIC FLIGHT&amp;quot; with photo of Earhart.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day throughout with much on the Charles Lindbergh baby kidnapping trial. Light browning with little spine wear, otherwise good&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;wikipedia notes: &lt;/strong&gt;On January 11, 1935, Earhart became the first person to fly solo from Honolulu, Hawaii to Oakland, California. Although this transoceanic flight had been attempted by many others, most notably by the unfortunate participants in the 1927 Dole Air Race which had reversed the route, her trailblazing flight had been mainly routine, with no mechanical breakdowns. In her final hours, she even relaxed and listened to &amp;quot;the broadcast of the Metropolitan Opera from New York.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>LEOMINSTER ENTERPRISE, Leominster, Massachusetts, January 14, 1935 

* Amelia Earhart (female aviator)
* Pacific Ocean flight success (Hawaii to Oakland)

This 8 page newspaper has a one column headline on the front page: "AMELIA EARHART PUTNAM FINISHES PACIFIC FLIGHT" with photo of Earhart.

Other news of the day throughout with much on the Charles Lindbergh baby kidnapping trial. Light browning with little spine wear, otherwise good

wikipedia notes: On January 11, 1935, Earhart became the first person to fly solo from Honolulu, Hawaii to Oakland, California. Although this transoceanic flight had been attempted by many others, most notably by the unfortunate participants in the 1927 Dole Air Race which had reversed the route, her trailblazing flight had been mainly routine, with no mechanical breakdowns. In her final hours, she even relaxed and listened to "the broadcast of the Metropolitan Opera from New York.</description-text>
    <folder-id type="integer">6</folder-id>
    <header nil="true"></header>
    <id type="integer">565851</id>
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    <price type="decimal">32.0</price>
    <price-updated-at type="datetime">2009-12-10T12:25:39-05:00</price-updated-at>
    <quantity type="integer">1</quantity>
    <state nil="true"></state>
    <subheader>Amelia Earhart Pacific Ocean flight...</subheader>
    <topics nil="true"></topics>
    <treat-as-catalog-item type="boolean">false</treat-as-catalog-item>
    <updated-at type="datetime">2010-01-20T08:26:36-05:00</updated-at>
    <updated-system-user-id type="integer">18</updated-system-user-id>
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    <city nil="true"></city>
    <comments nil="true"></comments>
    <contents-reviewed type="boolean">false</contents-reviewed>
    <created-at type="datetime">2009-12-09T07:05:18-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1970-06-19</date>
    <date-range-end type="date" nil="true"></date-range-end>
    <date-range-start type="date" nil="true"></date-range-start>
    <description>THE SPRINGFIELD UNION, Springfield, Massachusetts, June 19, 1970 &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Charles Manson trial beginning&lt;br /&gt;
* Sharon Tate - LaBianca murders&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 56 page newspaper has a two column headline on page 7: &amp;quot;Manson Denies Eighth Murder&amp;quot; with smaller subheads. (see photos) Interesting reporting on Manson's antics in the courtroom.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tells of the murder trial of Charles Manson and his 3 women followers beginning.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day. Little spine wear, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;At the trial, which began June 15, 1970, the prosecution's main witness was Kasabian, who, along with Manson, Atkins, and Krenwinkel, had been charged with seven counts of murder and one of conspiracy. Not having participated in the killings, she was granted immunity in exchange for testimony that detailed the nights of the crimes. Originally, a deal had been made with Atkins in which the prosecution agreed not to seek the death penalty against her in exchange for her grand jury testimony on which the indictments were secured; once Atkins repudiated that testimony, the deal was withdrawn. Because Van Houten had only participated in the LaBianca killings, she was charged with two counts of murder and one of conspiracy.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Originally, Judge William Keene had reluctantly granted Manson permission to act as his own attorney. Because of his conduct, including violations of a gag order and submission of &amp;quot;outlandish&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;nonsensical&amp;quot; pretrial motions, the permission was withdrawn before the start of the trial. Manson filed an affidavit of prejudice against Keene; he was replaced by Judge Charles H. Older. On Friday, July 24, the first day of testimony, Manson appeared in court with an X carved into his forehead (later changed into a swastika) and issued a statement that he was &amp;quot;considered inadequate and incompetent to speak or defend [him]self&amp;quot; &amp;mdash; and had &amp;quot;X'd [him]self from [the establishment's] world.&amp;quot; Over the following weekend, the female defendants duplicated the mark on their own foreheads, as, within another day or so, most Family members did, too.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The prosecution placed the triggering of &amp;quot;Helter Skelter&amp;quot; as the main motive. The crime scenes' bloody White Album references&amp;mdash;pig, rise, helter skelter&amp;mdash;were correlated with testimony about Manson predictions that the murders blacks would commit at the outset of Helter Skelter would involve the writing of &amp;quot;pigs&amp;quot; on walls in victims&amp;rsquo; blood.[40][109] Testimony that Manson had said &amp;quot;now is the time for Helter Skelter&amp;quot; was supplemented with Kasabian&amp;rsquo;s testimony that, on the night of the LaBianca murders, Manson considered discarding Rosemary LaBianca's wallet on the street of a black neighborhood. Having obtained the wallet in the LaBianca house, he &amp;quot;wanted a black person to pick it up and use the credit cards so that the people, the establishment, would think it was some sort of an organized group that killed these people.&amp;quot; On his direction, Kasabian had hidden it in the women's rest room of a service station near a black area. &amp;quot;I want to show blackie how to do it,&amp;quot; Manson had said as the Family members had driven along after the departure from the LaBianca house.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE SPRINGFIELD UNION, Springfield, Massachusetts, June 19, 1970 

* Charles Manson trial beginning
* Sharon Tate - LaBianca murders

This 56 page newspaper has a two column headline on page 7: "Manson Denies Eighth Murder" with smaller subheads. (see photos) Interesting reporting on Manson's antics in the courtroom.

Tells of the murder trial of Charles Manson and his 3 women followers beginning.

Other news of the day. Little spine wear, otherwise in good condition.

wikipedia notes: At the trial, which began June 15, 1970, the prosecution's main witness was Kasabian, who, along with Manson, Atkins, and Krenwinkel, had been charged with seven counts of murder and one of conspiracy. Not having participated in the killings, she was granted immunity in exchange for testimony that detailed the nights of the crimes. Originally, a deal had been made with Atkins in which the prosecution agreed not to seek the death penalty against her in exchange for her grand jury testimony on which the indictments were secured; once Atkins repudiated that testimony, the deal was withdrawn. Because Van Houten had only participated in the LaBianca killings, she was charged with two counts of murder and one of conspiracy.

Originally, Judge William Keene had reluctantly granted Manson permission to act as his own attorney. Because of his conduct, including violations of a gag order and submission of "outlandish" and "nonsensical" pretrial motions, the permission was withdrawn before the start of the trial. Manson filed an affidavit of prejudice against Keene; he was replaced by Judge Charles H. Older. On Friday, July 24, the first day of testimony, Manson appeared in court with an X carved into his forehead (later changed into a swastika) and issued a statement that he was "considered inadequate and incompetent to speak or defend [him]self" &amp;mdash; and had "X'd [him]self from [the establishment's] world." Over the following weekend, the female defendants duplicated the mark on their own foreheads, as, within another day or so, most Family members did, too.

The prosecution placed the triggering of "Helter Skelter" as the main motive. The crime scenes' bloody White Album references&amp;mdash;pig, rise, helter skelter&amp;mdash;were correlated with testimony about Manson predictions that the murders blacks would commit at the outset of Helter Skelter would involve the writing of "pigs" on walls in victims&amp;rsquo; blood.[40][109] Testimony that Manson had said "now is the time for Helter Skelter" was supplemented with Kasabian&amp;rsquo;s testimony that, on the night of the LaBianca murders, Manson considered discarding Rosemary LaBianca's wallet on the street of a black neighborhood. Having obtained the wallet in the LaBianca house, he "wanted a black person to pick it up and use the credit cards so that the people, the establishment, would think it was some sort of an organized group that killed these people." On his direction, Kasabian had hidden it in the women's rest room of a service station near a black area. "I want to show blackie how to do it," Manson had said as the Family members had driven along after the departure from the LaBianca house.</description-text>
    <folder-id type="integer">6</folder-id>
    <header nil="true"></header>
    <id type="integer">565777</id>
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    <legacy-number nil="true"></legacy-number>
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    <newspaper-title-id type="integer" nil="true"></newspaper-title-id>
    <override-shipping type="decimal" nil="true"></override-shipping>
    <price type="decimal">34.0</price>
    <price-updated-at type="datetime">2009-12-09T07:05:18-05:00</price-updated-at>
    <quantity type="integer">1</quantity>
    <state nil="true"></state>
    <subheader>The trial of Charles Manson begins...</subheader>
    <topics nil="true"></topics>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2010-02-01T14:53:53-05:00</updated-at>
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    <city nil="true"></city>
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    <contents-reviewed type="boolean">false</contents-reviewed>
    <created-at type="datetime">2009-12-07T10:50:05-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">4</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1726-08-13</date>
    <date-range-end type="date" nil="true"></date-range-end>
    <date-range-start type="date" nil="true"></date-range-start>
    <description>THE POST-BOY, London, England, Aug. 13, 1726&amp;nbsp; The front page has what is a significant report of the actions of noted pirate William Fly, being the piracy &amp;amp; murder which would lead to his execution, in a report from New York noting: &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;...that the crew of the Elizabeth Snow of this port had risen and killed their captain, &amp;amp; turn'd Pyrates, and was carry'd into New York...&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; (see). Although not mentioned by name, this was the infamous pirate William Fly who, at his trial, was accused of throwing the captain of the Elizabeth Snow overboard. He was actually hanged for his actions in July of 1726 (see also item 565654).&lt;br /&gt;
Complete as a single sheet newspaper, two engravings in the masthead, measures 8 1/2 by 14, minor dirtiness on the ftpg., generally very nice.</description>
    <description-text>THE POST-BOY, London, England, Aug. 13, 1726  The front page has what is a significant report of the actions of noted pirate William Fly, being the piracy &amp; murder which would lead to his execution, in a report from New York noting: "...that the crew of the Elizabeth Snow of this port had risen and killed their captain, &amp; turn'd Pyrates, and was carry'd into New York..." (see). Although not mentioned by name, this was the infamous pirate William Fly who, at his trial, was accused of throwing the captain of the Elizabeth Snow overboard. He was actually hanged for his actions in July of 1726 (see also item 565654).
Complete as a single sheet newspaper, two engravings in the masthead, measures 8 1/2 by 14, minor dirtiness on the ftpg., generally very nice.</description-text>
    <folder-id type="integer">2</folder-id>
    <header nil="true"></header>
    <id type="integer">565656</id>
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    <is-similar type="boolean">false</is-similar>
    <legacy-number nil="true"></legacy-number>
    <message type="NilClass">&lt;h3&gt;&lt;font color = red&gt;Item from Catalog 172 (released March, 2010).&lt;/font color&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;</message>
    <newspaper-title-id type="integer" nil="true"></newspaper-title-id>
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    <price type="decimal">165.0</price>
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    <subheader>Pirate William Fly commits the act which would lead to his execution...</subheader>
    <topics>cat172</topics>
    <treat-as-catalog-item type="boolean">true</treat-as-catalog-item>
    <updated-at type="datetime">2010-02-13T18:10:09-05:00</updated-at>
    <updated-system-user-id type="integer">4</updated-system-user-id>
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  <web-item>
    <city nil="true"></city>
    <comments>Note: I pulled all issues from vols. &amp; used.</comments>
    <contents-reviewed type="boolean">false</contents-reviewed>
    <created-at type="datetime">2009-12-07T09:57:00-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">4</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1867-08-01</date>
    <date-range-end type="date" nil="true"></date-range-end>
    <date-range-start type="date" nil="true"></date-range-start>
    <description>THE NEW YORK TIMES, August 1, 1867&amp;nbsp; Page 2 has an article: &amp;quot;The Mormons in England&amp;quot; which notes the drop in the number of Mormons there, ending with: &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot; ...Those who could get away are gone; those who could &amp;amp; would not have apostalized, &amp;amp; those who would &amp;amp; cannot, are still there, struggling with poverty.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;Page 5 has: &amp;quot;Trial Of Surratt--Summing Up for the Defence...&amp;quot; which takes 2 columns.&lt;br /&gt;
Complete in 8 pages, great condition.</description>
    <description-text>THE NEW YORK TIMES, August 1, 1867  Page 2 has an article: "The Mormons in England" which notes the drop in the number of Mormons there, ending with: " ...Those who could get away are gone; those who could &amp; would not have apostalized, &amp; those who would &amp; cannot, are still there, struggling with poverty."
Page 5 has: "Trial Of Surratt--Summing Up for the Defence..." which takes 2 columns.
Complete in 8 pages, great condition.</description-text>
    <folder-id type="integer">6</folder-id>
    <header nil="true"></header>
    <id type="integer">565651</id>
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    <is-similar type="boolean">false</is-similar>
    <legacy-number nil="true"></legacy-number>
    <message type="NilClass">&lt;h3&gt;&lt;font color = red&gt;Item from Catalog 172 (released March, 2010).&lt;/font color&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;</message>
    <newspaper-title-id type="integer" nil="true"></newspaper-title-id>
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    <price type="decimal">46.0</price>
    <price-updated-at type="datetime">2009-12-07T09:57:00-05:00</price-updated-at>
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    <state nil="true"></state>
    <subheader>Mormons in England...</subheader>
    <topics>cat172 mormon09 mormon03/10</topics>
    <treat-as-catalog-item type="boolean">true</treat-as-catalog-item>
    <updated-at type="datetime">2010-01-06T15:20:19-05:00</updated-at>
    <updated-system-user-id type="integer">5</updated-system-user-id>
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  <web-item>
    <city nil="true"></city>
    <comments nil="true"></comments>
    <contents-reviewed type="boolean">false</contents-reviewed>
    <created-at type="datetime">2009-11-30T15:30:50-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1930-09-24</date>
    <date-range-end type="date" nil="true"></date-range-end>
    <date-range-start type="date" nil="true"></date-range-start>
    <description>THE DETROIT NEWS, Detroit, Michigan, September 24, 1930&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Early Adolph Hitler&lt;br /&gt;
* Treason arrest&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
This 44 page newspaper has one column headlines on the front page: &amp;quot;HITLER FACING TREASON TRIAL&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Leader of German National Socialists Linked with Conspiracy&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This was just before Hitler gained power.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day throughout. Rag edition in nice condition.</description>
    <description-text>THE DETROIT NEWS, Detroit, Michigan, September 24, 1930

* Early Adolph Hitler
* Treason arrest
 
This 44 page newspaper has one column headlines on the front page: "HITLER FACING TREASON TRIAL" and "Leader of German National Socialists Linked with Conspiracy".

This was just before Hitler gained power.

Other news of the day throughout. Rag edition in nice condition.</description-text>
    <folder-id type="integer">6</folder-id>
    <header nil="true"></header>
    <id type="integer">565448</id>
    <image-range-batch>11.91.2009</image-range-batch>
    <image-range-end>image028</image-range-end>
    <image-range-start>image024</image-range-start>
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    <is-active type="boolean">true</is-active>
    <is-active-reason nil="true"></is-active-reason>
    <is-generic type="boolean">false</is-generic>
    <is-offered-second-rate type="boolean">false</is-offered-second-rate>
    <is-similar type="boolean">false</is-similar>
    <legacy-number nil="true"></legacy-number>
    <message type="NilClass" nil="true"></message>
    <newspaper-title-id type="integer" nil="true"></newspaper-title-id>
    <override-shipping type="decimal" nil="true"></override-shipping>
    <price type="decimal">35.0</price>
    <price-updated-at type="datetime">2009-11-30T15:30:50-05:00</price-updated-at>
    <quantity type="integer">1</quantity>
    <state nil="true"></state>
    <subheader>Adolph Hitler Indicted In 1930...</subheader>
    <topics nil="true"></topics>
    <treat-as-catalog-item type="boolean">false</treat-as-catalog-item>
    <updated-at type="datetime">2010-01-28T08:53:38-05:00</updated-at>
    <updated-system-user-id type="integer">18</updated-system-user-id>
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  <web-item>
    <city nil="true"></city>
    <comments nil="true"></comments>
    <contents-reviewed type="boolean">false</contents-reviewed>
    <created-at type="datetime">2009-11-30T13:07:17-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1949-06-16</date>
    <date-range-end type="date" nil="true"></date-range-end>
    <date-range-start type="date" nil="true"></date-range-start>
    <description>THE DETROIT NEWS, Detroit, Michigan, June 16, 1949&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Eddie Waitkus shooting&lt;br /&gt;
* Philadelphia Phillies - MLB baseball&lt;br /&gt;
* Ruth Ann Steinhagen arrest&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
This 72 page newspaper has one column headlines on page 4: &amp;quot;Girl Assailant Faces Court&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Shows No Sorrow for Shooting Ball Player&amp;quot;.&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day throughout. Rag edition in some small binding holes along the spine, otherwise in very nice condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;wikipedia notes: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eddie began his pro career in 1938 playing for the Worumbo Indians, a semi-pro team sponsored by Worumbo Woolen Mill in Lisbon Falls, Maine.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He was elected to the National League All-Star team twice (1948 and 1949).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Eddie Waitkus, the son of Lithuanian immigrants, grew up in Boston. He saw some of the bloodiest fighting of World War II with the U.S. Army in the Philippines, earning four Bronze Stars. Upon his return to baseball he quickly became a star for the Chicago Cubs. He also became a popular media figure, as he was well-educated and could speak several languages.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Just a few years into the start of what seemed a very promising career, Waitkus was shot in the chest by Ruth Ann Steinhagen, an obsessed fan, on June 14, 1949, at the Edgewater Beach Hotel in Chicago. Steinhagen had become infatuated with him when he was a Cub, but seeing him every day in-season apparently kept her obsession in check. Once he was traded to the Phillies and would only be in Chicago 11 games in the season, her obsession grew to dangerous proportions. She checked into the hotel using the alias of a former high school classmate of his, and left a note at the desk asking him to come to her hotel room on an urgent matter. She then shot him with a rifle, the bullet barely missing his heart. He nearly died several times on the operating table before the bullet was successfully removed. Steinhagen never stood trial, but instead was confined to a mental institution. Steinhagen's obsession and stalking was covered at length in one of the Fireside Book of Baseball entries.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the night of August 19, 1949, the Phillies held &amp;quot;Eddie Waitkus Night&amp;quot; at Shibe Park and showered Waitkus with gifts. Waitkus was in uniform for the first time since he was shot in Chicago.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE DETROIT NEWS, Detroit, Michigan, June 16, 1949

* Eddie Waitkus shooting
* Philadelphia Phillies - MLB baseball
* Ruth Ann Steinhagen arrest

This 72 page newspaper has one column headlines on page 4: "Girl Assailant Faces Court" and "Shows No Sorrow for Shooting Ball Player".

Other news of the day throughout. Rag edition in some small binding holes along the spine, otherwise in very nice condition.

wikipedia notes: Eddie began his pro career in 1938 playing for the Worumbo Indians, a semi-pro team sponsored by Worumbo Woolen Mill in Lisbon Falls, Maine.

He was elected to the National League All-Star team twice (1948 and 1949).

Eddie Waitkus, the son of Lithuanian immigrants, grew up in Boston. He saw some of the bloodiest fighting of World War II with the U.S. Army in the Philippines, earning four Bronze Stars. Upon his return to baseball he quickly became a star for the Chicago Cubs. He also became a popular media figure, as he was well-educated and could speak several languages.

Just a few years into the start of what seemed a very promising career, Waitkus was shot in the chest by Ruth Ann Steinhagen, an obsessed fan, on June 14, 1949, at the Edgewater Beach Hotel in Chicago. Steinhagen had become infatuated with him when he was a Cub, but seeing him every day in-season apparently kept her obsession in check. Once he was traded to the Phillies and would only be in Chicago 11 games in the season, her obsession grew to dangerous proportions. She checked into the hotel using the alias of a former high school classmate of his, and left a note at the desk asking him to come to her hotel room on an urgent matter. She then shot him with a rifle, the bullet barely missing his heart. He nearly died several times on the operating table before the bullet was successfully removed. Steinhagen never stood trial, but instead was confined to a mental institution. Steinhagen's obsession and stalking was covered at length in one of the Fireside Book of Baseball entries.

On the night of August 19, 1949, the Phillies held "Eddie Waitkus Night" at Shibe Park and showered Waitkus with gifts. Waitkus was in uniform for the first time since he was shot in Chicago.</description-text>
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    <subheader>Eddie Waitkus shot...</subheader>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-11-18T07:40:44-05:00</created-at>
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    <date type="date">1927-08-02</date>
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    <description>FITCHBURG SENTINEL, Fitchburg, Massachusetts, August 2, 1927 &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Sacco and Vanzetti faces the electric chair&lt;br /&gt;
* Famous trial ending&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 12 page newspaper has a nice banner headline on the front page: &amp;quot;FULLER HEARS LAST WITNESSES IN SACCO CASE&amp;quot; with subheads. (see)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day. Light browning with little margin wear, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt; Ferdinando Nicola Sacco (April 22, 1891) and Bartolomeo Vanzetti (June 11, 1888) both executed August 23, 1927, were two Italian-born laborers and anarchists who were tried, convicted and executed via electrocution on August 23, 1927 in Massachusetts for the 1920 armed robbery and murder of a pay-clerk and a security guard in Braintree, Massachusetts.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Today, the case continues to incite controversy based on questions regarding culpability, the question of the innocence or guilt of Sacco and Vanzetti, and conformance, the question of whether the trials were fair to Sacco and Vanzetti.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On August 23, 1977, Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis signed a proclamation declaring, &amp;quot;Any stigma and disgrace should be forever removed from the names of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti. We are not here to say whether these men are guilty or innocent. We are here to say that the high standards of justice, which we in Massachusetts take such pride in, failed Sacco and Vanzetti.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>FITCHBURG SENTINEL, Fitchburg, Massachusetts, August 2, 1927 

* Sacco and Vanzetti faces the electric chair
* Famous trial ending

This 12 page newspaper has a nice banner headline on the front page: "FULLER HEARS LAST WITNESSES IN SACCO CASE" with subheads. (see)

Other news of the day. Light browning with little margin wear, otherwise in good condition.

wikipedia notes: Ferdinando Nicola Sacco (April 22, 1891) and Bartolomeo Vanzetti (June 11, 1888) both executed August 23, 1927, were two Italian-born laborers and anarchists who were tried, convicted and executed via electrocution on August 23, 1927 in Massachusetts for the 1920 armed robbery and murder of a pay-clerk and a security guard in Braintree, Massachusetts.

Today, the case continues to incite controversy based on questions regarding culpability, the question of the innocence or guilt of Sacco and Vanzetti, and conformance, the question of whether the trials were fair to Sacco and Vanzetti.

On August 23, 1977, Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis signed a proclamation declaring, "Any stigma and disgrace should be forever removed from the names of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti. We are not here to say whether these men are guilty or innocent. We are here to say that the high standards of justice, which we in Massachusetts take such pride in, failed Sacco and Vanzetti."</description-text>
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    <price type="decimal">23.0</price>
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    <subheader>Sacco and Vanzetti face electric chair...</subheader>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2009-12-30T13:19:31-05:00</updated-at>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-11-12T17:05:13-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">4</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1865-05-17</date>
    <date-range-end type="date" nil="true"></date-range-end>
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    <description>THE CRISIS, Columbus, Ohio, May 17, 1865&amp;nbsp; Described as &amp;quot;The Hottest Rebel Sheet to be found in the North or the South&amp;quot;, this newspaper opposed the war and attracted the hatred of the Republicans and the Lincoln administration. It insisted that slavery could not be prohibited by law. So obnoxious was this paper to Unionists that it was denied circulation in some cities. In 1863 the press was raided by a hateful mob.&lt;br /&gt;
Among the ftpg. articles are: &amp;quot;Sermons on the Assassination&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Save Us From Our Friends&amp;quot; &amp;quot;The Conspiracy Trials&amp;quot; &amp;quot;The Slavery Question Settled in North Carolina&amp;quot; &amp;amp; more. Inside pages have a wealth of great content including: &amp;quot;The Tricks Of Tyrants&amp;quot; &amp;quot;A Wail From the Neglected&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Capture of Jefferson Davis&amp;quot; &amp;quot;The War News&amp;quot; &amp;quot;The Alleged Conspiracy&amp;quot; &amp;quot;The News of Lee's Surrender&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Joe Johnston's Farewell to His Army&amp;quot; and much more. &lt;br /&gt;
Complete in 8 pages and in great condition.</description>
    <description-text>THE CRISIS, Columbus, Ohio, May 17, 1865  Described as "The Hottest Rebel Sheet to be found in the North or the South", this newspaper opposed the war and attracted the hatred of the Republicans and the Lincoln administration. It insisted that slavery could not be prohibited by law. So obnoxious was this paper to Unionists that it was denied circulation in some cities. In 1863 the press was raided by a hateful mob.
Among the ftpg. articles are: "Sermons on the Assassination" "Save Us From Our Friends" "The Conspiracy Trials" "The Slavery Question Settled in North Carolina" &amp; more. Inside pages have a wealth of great content including: "The Tricks Of Tyrants" "A Wail From the Neglected" "Capture of Jefferson Davis" "The War News" "The Alleged Conspiracy" "The News of Lee's Surrender" "Joe Johnston's Farewell to His Army" and much more. 
Complete in 8 pages and in great condition.</description-text>
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    <id type="integer">564985</id>
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    <message type="NilClass">&lt;h3&gt;&lt;font color = blue&gt;	
Item from Catalog 171 (released for February, 2010).&lt;/font color&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;</message>
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    <price type="decimal">78.0</price>
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    <subheader>Capture of Jeff Davis...   The end of the Civil War...</subheader>
    <topics>cat171</topics>
    <treat-as-catalog-item type="boolean">true</treat-as-catalog-item>
    <updated-at type="datetime">2009-11-27T07:39:07-05:00</updated-at>
    <updated-system-user-id type="integer">4</updated-system-user-id>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-11-12T14:47:31-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">5</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1865-09-23</date>
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    <description>LESLIE'S ILLUSTRATED, from New York, dated September 23, 1865 Half the ftpg: &amp;quot;The Last Great Wall Street Sensation--Mr. Edward Ketchum, Before Judge Hogan...On A Criminal Charge.&amp;quot; A halfpage: &amp;quot;The Breaking Of The Atlantic Telegraph Cable On board The Great Eastern.&amp;quot; Graphic sewn-in doublepage centerfold: &amp;quot;The Horrors Of Andersonville--The Midnight Vision Of The Murderer.&amp;quot; Also a 6 by 4 3/4 inch illustraton of: Champ Ferguson, The Notorious Gorilla, On Trial At Nashville.&amp;quot; Same page has three illustration &amp;quot;The First House Owned By President Johnson&amp;quot; &amp;quot;The Residence Of President Johnson&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Andrew Johnson's Tailor-Shop&amp;quot;. Large illustration of: &amp;quot;Professor Hermann, The Prestidigiteur, Now Performing At The Academy Of Music&amp;quot; and a 3 by 9 view: &amp;quot;League Island, At Terminus Of Broad Steet, Phila.&amp;quot; This is complete in 16 pages , the centerfold has a few small binding holes, otherwise in good condition.</description>
    <description-text>LESLIE'S ILLUSTRATED, from New York, dated September 23, 1865 Half the ftpg: "The Last Great Wall Street Sensation--Mr. Edward Ketchum, Before Judge Hogan...On A Criminal Charge." A halfpage: "The Breaking Of The Atlantic Telegraph Cable On board The Great Eastern." Graphic sewn-in doublepage centerfold: "The Horrors Of Andersonville--The Midnight Vision Of The Murderer." Also a 6 by 4 3/4 inch illustraton of: Champ Ferguson, The Notorious Gorilla, On Trial At Nashville." Same page has three illustration "The First House Owned By President Johnson" "The Residence Of President Johnson" and "Andrew Johnson's Tailor-Shop". Large illustration of: "Professor Hermann, The Prestidigiteur, Now Performing At The Academy Of Music" and a 3 by 9 view: "League Island, At Terminus Of Broad Steet, Phila." This is complete in 16 pages , the centerfold has a few small binding holes, otherwise in good condition.</description-text>
    <folder-id type="integer">4</folder-id>
    <header nil="true"></header>
    <id type="integer">564977</id>
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    <price type="decimal">52.0</price>
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    <subheader>Andersonville, The Great Eastern, and Atlanta Telegraph Cable prints...</subheader>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2009-11-20T14:58:28-05:00</updated-at>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-11-12T12:34:11-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1940-08-21</date>
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    <description>CLEVELAND NEWS, Cleveland, Ohio, August 21, 1940 &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Leon Trotsky shot&lt;br /&gt;
* Soviet Union&lt;br /&gt;
* Marxist Theorist&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 20 page newspaper has a one column photo on the front page with caption: &amp;quot;Trotsky Near Death After Pickax Attack&amp;quot;.&lt;em&gt; (He would die on this day)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day throughout. Light browning with minor margin wear, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;wikipedia notes&lt;/strong&gt;: On August 20, 1940, Trotsky was successfully attacked in his home by a NKVD agent, Ramn Mercader, who drove the pick of an ice axe into Trotsky's skull.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The blow was poorly delivered, however, and failed to kill Trotsky instantly, as Mercader had intended. Witnesses stated that Trotsky spat on Mercader and began struggling fiercely with him. Hearing the commotion, Trotsky's bodyguards burst into the room and nearly killed Mercader, but Trotsky stopped them, shouting, &amp;quot;Do not kill him! This man has a story to tell.&amp;quot; Trotsky was taken to a hospital, operated on, and survived for more than a day, dying at the age of 60 on August 21, 1940.&amp;nbsp; Mercader later testified at his trial:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; I laid my raincoat on the table in such a way as to be able to remove the ice axe which was in the pocket. I decided not to miss the wonderful opportunity that presented itself. The moment Trotsky began reading the article, he gave me my chance; I took out the ice axe from the raincoat, gripped it in my hand and, with my eyes closed, dealt him a terrible blow on the head.[citation needed]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
According to James P. Cannon, the secretary of the Socialist Workers Party (USA), Trotsky's last words were &amp;quot;I will not survive this attack. Stalin has finally accomplished the task he attempted unsuccessfully before.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>CLEVELAND NEWS, Cleveland, Ohio, August 21, 1940 
 
* Leon Trotsky shot
* Soviet Union
* Marxist Theorist

This 20 page newspaper has a one column photo on the front page with caption: "Trotsky Near Death After Pickax Attack". (He would die on this day)

Other news of the day throughout. Light browning with minor margin wear, otherwise in good condition.
 
wikipedia notes: On August 20, 1940, Trotsky was successfully attacked in his home by a NKVD agent, Ramn Mercader, who drove the pick of an ice axe into Trotsky's skull.

The blow was poorly delivered, however, and failed to kill Trotsky instantly, as Mercader had intended. Witnesses stated that Trotsky spat on Mercader and began struggling fiercely with him. Hearing the commotion, Trotsky's bodyguards burst into the room and nearly killed Mercader, but Trotsky stopped them, shouting, "Do not kill him! This man has a story to tell." Trotsky was taken to a hospital, operated on, and survived for more than a day, dying at the age of 60 on August 21, 1940.  Mercader later testified at his trial:

    I laid my raincoat on the table in such a way as to be able to remove the ice axe which was in the pocket. I decided not to miss the wonderful opportunity that presented itself. The moment Trotsky began reading the article, he gave me my chance; I took out the ice axe from the raincoat, gripped it in my hand and, with my eyes closed, dealt him a terrible blow on the head.[citation needed]

According to James P. Cannon, the secretary of the Socialist Workers Party (USA), Trotsky's last words were "I will not survive this attack. Stalin has finally accomplished the task he attempted unsuccessfully before.</description-text>
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    <subheader>Leon Trotsky assassinated in 1940...  </subheader>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2009-12-21T10:44:15-05:00</updated-at>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-11-12T12:14:51-05:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1968-04-09</date>
    <date-range-end type="date" nil="true"></date-range-end>
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    <description>THE RUSSELL DAILY NEWS, Russell, Kansas, April 9, 1968&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Martin Luther King Jr. assassination funeral&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
This 6 page newspaper has a three column headline on the front page: &amp;quot;50,000 Sympathizers Attend King's Funeral&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day. Minor spine wear, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt; On March 29, 1968, King went to Memphis, Tennessee in support of the black sanitary public works employees, represented by AFSCME Local 1733, who had been on strike since March 12 for higher wages and better treatment. In one incident, black street repairmen received pay for two hours when they were sent home because of bad weather, but white employees were paid for the full day.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On April 3, King addressed a rally and delivered his &amp;quot;I've Been to the Mountaintop&amp;quot; address at Mason Temple, the World Headquarters of the Church of God in Christ. King's flight to Memphis had been delayed by a bomb threat against his plane.[101] In the close of the last speech of his career, in reference to the bomb threat, King said the following:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; And then I got to Memphis. And some began to say the threats, or talk about the threats that were out. What would happen to me from some of our sick white brothers? Well, I don't know what will happen now. We've got some difficult days ahead. But it doesn't matter with me now. Because I've been to the mountaintop. And I don't mind. Like anybody, I would like to live a long life. Longevity has its place. But I'm not concerned about that now. I just want to do God's will. And He's allowed me to go up to the mountain. And I've looked over. And I've seen the promised land. I may not get there with you. But I want you to know tonight, that we, as a people, will get to the promised land. And I'm happy, tonight. I'm not worried about anything. I'm not fearing any man. Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord.[102]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
King was booked in room 306 at the Lorraine Motel, owned by Walter Bailey, in Memphis. The Reverend Ralph Abernathy, King's close friend and colleague who was present at the assassination, swore under oath to the United States House Select Committee on Assassinations that King and his entourage stayed at room 306 at the Lorraine Motel so often it was known as the 'King-Abernathy suite.'[103] King was shot at 6:01 p.m. April 4, 1968 while he was standing on the motel's second floor balcony. The bullet entered through his right cheek smashing his jaw and then traveled down his spinal cord before lodging in his shoulder.[104] According to Jesse Jackson, who was present, King's last words on the balcony were to musician Ben Branch, who was scheduled to perform that night at an event King was attending: &amp;quot;Ben, make sure you play Take My Hand, Precious Lord in the meeting tonight. Play it real pretty.&amp;quot;[105] Abernathy heard the shot from inside the motel room and ran to the balcony to find King on the floor.[106] The events following the shooting have been disputed, as some people have accused Jackson of exaggerating his response.[107]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After emergency surgery, King was pronounced dead at St. Joseph's Hospital at 7:05 p.m.[108] According to biographer Taylor Branch, King's autopsy revealed that though only thirty-nine years old, he had the heart of a sixty-year-old,[109] perhaps a result of the stress of thirteen years in the civil rights movement.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The assassination led to a nationwide wave of riots in more than 100 cities.[110] Presidential nominee Robert Kennedy was on his way to Indianapolis for a campaign rally when he was informed of King's death. He gave a short yet empowering speech to the gathering of supporters informing them of the tragedy and asking them to continue King's idea of non-violence. On that night, Indianapolis was the only city which did not burn.[111] President Lyndon B. Johnson declared April 7 a national day of mourning for the civil rights leader.[112] Vice-President Hubert Humphrey attended King's funeral on behalf of Lyndon B. Johnson, as there were fears that Johnson's presence might incite protests and perhaps violence.[113] At his widow's request, King's last sermon at Ebenezer Baptist Church was played at the funeral.[114] It was a recording of his &amp;quot;Drum Major&amp;quot; sermon, given on February 4, 1968. In that sermon, King made a request that at his funeral no mention of his awards and honors be made, but that it be said that he tried to &amp;quot;feed the hungry&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;clothe the naked&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;be right on the [Vietnam] war question&amp;quot;, and &amp;quot;love and serve humanity&amp;quot;.[115] His good friend Mahalia Jackson sang his favorite hymn, &amp;quot;Take My hand, Precious Lord&amp;quot;, at the funeral.[116] The city of Memphis quickly settled the strike on terms favorable to the sanitation workers.[117][118]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Two months after King's death, escaped convict James Earl Ray was captured at London Heathrow Airport while trying to leave the United Kingdom on a false Canadian passport in the name of Ramon George Sneyd.[119] Ray was quickly extradited to Tennessee and charged with King's murder. He confessed to the assassination on March 10, 1969, though he recanted this confession three days later.[120] On the advice of his attorney Percy Foreman, Ray pleaded guilty to avoid a trial conviction and thus the possibility of receiving the death penalty. Ray was sentenced to a 99-year prison term.[120][121] Ray fired Foreman as his attorney, from then on derisively calling him &amp;quot;Percy Fourflusher&amp;quot;.[122] He claimed a man he met in Montreal, Quebec with the alias &amp;quot;Raoul&amp;quot; was involved and that the assassination was the result of a conspiracy.[123][124] He spent the remainder of his life attempting (unsuccessfully) to withdraw his guilty plea and secure the trial he never had.[121] On June 10, 1977, shortly after Ray had testified to the House Select Committee on Assassinations that he did not shoot King, he and six other convicts escaped from Brushy Mountain State Penitentiary in Petros, Tennessee. They were recaptured on June 13 and returned to prison.[&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE RUSSELL DAILY NEWS, Russell, Kansas, April 9, 1968  

* Martin Luther King Jr. assassination funeral

This 6 page newspaper has a three column headline on the front page: "50,000 Sympathizers Attend King's Funeral".

Other news of the day. Minor spine wear, otherwise in good condition.

wikipedia notes: On March 29, 1968, King went to Memphis, Tennessee in support of the black sanitary public works employees, represented by AFSCME Local 1733, who had been on strike since March 12 for higher wages and better treatment. In one incident, black street repairmen received pay for two hours when they were sent home because of bad weather, but white employees were paid for the full day.

On April 3, King addressed a rally and delivered his "I've Been to the Mountaintop" address at Mason Temple, the World Headquarters of the Church of God in Christ. King's flight to Memphis had been delayed by a bomb threat against his plane.[101] In the close of the last speech of his career, in reference to the bomb threat, King said the following:

    And then I got to Memphis. And some began to say the threats, or talk about the threats that were out. What would happen to me from some of our sick white brothers? Well, I don't know what will happen now. We've got some difficult days ahead. But it doesn't matter with me now. Because I've been to the mountaintop. And I don't mind. Like anybody, I would like to live a long life. Longevity has its place. But I'm not concerned about that now. I just want to do God's will. And He's allowed me to go up to the mountain. And I've looked over. And I've seen the promised land. I may not get there with you. But I want you to know tonight, that we, as a people, will get to the promised land. And I'm happy, tonight. I'm not worried about anything. I'm not fearing any man. Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord.[102]

King was booked in room 306 at the Lorraine Motel, owned by Walter Bailey, in Memphis. The Reverend Ralph Abernathy, King's close friend and colleague who was present at the assassination, swore under oath to the United States House Select Committee on Assassinations that King and his entourage stayed at room 306 at the Lorraine Motel so often it was known as the 'King-Abernathy suite.'[103] King was shot at 6:01 p.m. April 4, 1968 while he was standing on the motel's second floor balcony. The bullet entered through his right cheek smashing his jaw and then traveled down his spinal cord before lodging in his shoulder.[104] According to Jesse Jackson, who was present, King's last words on the balcony were to musician Ben Branch, who was scheduled to perform that night at an event King was attending: "Ben, make sure you play Take My Hand, Precious Lord in the meeting tonight. Play it real pretty."[105] Abernathy heard the shot from inside the motel room and ran to the balcony to find King on the floor.[106] The events following the shooting have been disputed, as some people have accused Jackson of exaggerating his response.[107]

After emergency surgery, King was pronounced dead at St. Joseph's Hospital at 7:05 p.m.[108] According to biographer Taylor Branch, King's autopsy revealed that though only thirty-nine years old, he had the heart of a sixty-year-old,[109] perhaps a result of the stress of thirteen years in the civil rights movement.

The assassination led to a nationwide wave of riots in more than 100 cities.[110] Presidential nominee Robert Kennedy was on his way to Indianapolis for a campaign rally when he was informed of King's death. He gave a short yet empowering speech to the gathering of supporters informing them of the tragedy and asking them to continue King's idea of non-violence. On that night, Indianapolis was the only city which did not burn.[111] President Lyndon B. Johnson declared April 7 a national day of mourning for the civil rights leader.[112] Vice-President Hubert Humphrey attended King's funeral on behalf of Lyndon B. Johnson, as there were fears that Johnson's presence might incite protests and perhaps violence.[113] At his widow's request, King's last sermon at Ebenezer Baptist Church was played at the funeral.[114] It was a recording of his "Drum Major" sermon, given on February 4, 1968. In that sermon, King made a request that at his funeral no mention of his awards and honors be made, but that it be said that he tried to "feed the hungry", "clothe the naked", "be right on the [Vietnam] war question", and "love and serve humanity".[115] His good friend Mahalia Jackson sang his favorite hymn, "Take My hand, Precious Lord", at the funeral.[116] The city of Memphis quickly settled the strike on terms favorable to the sanitation workers.[117][118]

Two months after King's death, escaped convict James Earl Ray was captured at London Heathrow Airport while trying to leave the United Kingdom on a false Canadian passport in the name of Ramon George Sneyd.[119] Ray was quickly extradited to Tennessee and charged with King's murder. He confessed to the assassination on March 10, 1969, though he recanted this confession three days later.[120] On the advice of his attorney Percy Foreman, Ray pleaded guilty to avoid a trial conviction and thus the possibility of receiving the death penalty. Ray was sentenced to a 99-year prison term.[120][121] Ray fired Foreman as his attorney, from then on derisively calling him "Percy Fourflusher".[122] He claimed a man he met in Montreal, Quebec with the alias "Raoul" was involved and that the assassination was the result of a conspiracy.[123][124] He spent the remainder of his life attempting (unsuccessfully) to withdraw his guilty plea and secure the trial he never had.[121] On June 10, 1977, shortly after Ray had testified to the House Select Committee on Assassinations that he did not shoot King, he and six other convicts escaped from Brushy Mountain State Penitentiary in Petros, Tennessee. They were recaptured on June 13 and returned to prison.[
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    <description>LEOMINSTER ENTERPRISE, Leominster, Massachusetts, August 7, 1970&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Charles Manson murder trial&lt;br /&gt;
* Actress Sharon Tate&lt;br /&gt;
* Court room antics&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 10 page newspaper has a two column headline on page 2: &amp;quot;Manson Trial Witness Hysterical Over Photo&amp;quot;.&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
See photos for text. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Also another two column headline on the same page: &amp;quot;Disneyland Puts Ban On Any Long-Haired Visitors&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day throughout. Some tiny binding holes along the spine, otherwise in good condition.</description>
    <description-text>LEOMINSTER ENTERPRISE, Leominster, Massachusetts, August 7, 1970

* Charles Manson murder trial
* Actress Sharon Tate
* Court room antics

This 10 page newspaper has a two column headline on page 2: "Manson Trial Witness Hysterical Over Photo".

See photos for text. 

Also another two column headline on the same page: "Disneyland Puts Ban On Any Long-Haired Visitors".

Other news of the day throughout. Some tiny binding holes along the spine, otherwise in good condition.</description-text>
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    <date type="date">1962-08-21</date>
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    <description>FITCHBURG SENTINEL, Massachusetts, August 21, 1962 &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Peter Fechter murder&lt;br /&gt;
* Berlin Wall - Germany&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 20 page newspaper has a two column headline on page 4: &amp;quot;Brandt To Ask West Aid Berliners At Wall&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tells of the the tensions around the Berlin wall soon after the shooting death of 18 year old Peter Fechter. (is mentioned)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day. Minor spine wear, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;About one year after the construction of the wall, Fechter attempted to flee from the GDR (German Democratic Republic) together with his friend Helmut Kulbeik. The plan was to hide in a carpenter's workshop near the wall in Zimmerstrasse and, after observing the border guards from there, to jump out of a window into the so-called death-strip (a strip running between the main wall and a parallel fence which they had recently started to construct), run across it, and climb over the two metre (6.5 ft) wall topped with barbed wire into the Kreuzberg district of West Berlin near Checkpoint Charlie.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When both reached the wall, guards fired at them. Although Kulbeik succeeded in crossing the wall, Fechter, still on the wall, was shot in the pelvis in plain view of hundreds of witnesses. He fell back into the death-strip on the Eastern side, where he remained in view of Western onlookers, including journalists. Despite his screams, he received no medical assistance either from the East or the West side. He bled to death after about an hour. Hundreds in West Berlin formed a spontaneous demonstration, shouting &amp;quot;Murderers!&amp;quot; at the border guards.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The lack of medical assistance for Peter Fechter was attributed to mutual fear: western bystanders were apparently prevented at gunpoint from assisting him, although according to a report in TIME magazine, a U.S. second-lieutenant on the scene received specific orders from the US Commandant in West Berlin to stand firm and do nothing. It also emerged during the trial that any aid attempt from the West had indeed been made impossible, but according to a report from forensic pathologist Otto Prokop, &amp;quot;Fechter had no chance of survival. The shot in the right hip had caused severe internal injuries.&amp;quot; Likewise the head of the GDR border platoon stated that he was afraid to intervene, because of an incident just three days earlier when a GDR soldier Rudi Arnstadt had probably been shot by a Western federal policeman. Nonetheless, the GDR border soldiers did retrieve Peter Fechter's dead body an hour after he had fallen.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>FITCHBURG SENTINEL, Massachusetts, August 21, 1962 

* Peter Fechter murder
* Berlin Wall - Germany

This 20 page newspaper has a two column headline on page 4: "Brandt To Ask West Aid Berliners At Wall".

Tells of the the tensions around the Berlin wall soon after the shooting death of 18 year old Peter Fechter. (is mentioned)

Other news of the day. Minor spine wear, otherwise in good condition.

wikipedia notes: About one year after the construction of the wall, Fechter attempted to flee from the GDR (German Democratic Republic) together with his friend Helmut Kulbeik. The plan was to hide in a carpenter's workshop near the wall in Zimmerstrasse and, after observing the border guards from there, to jump out of a window into the so-called death-strip (a strip running between the main wall and a parallel fence which they had recently started to construct), run across it, and climb over the two metre (6.5 ft) wall topped with barbed wire into the Kreuzberg district of West Berlin near Checkpoint Charlie.

When both reached the wall, guards fired at them. Although Kulbeik succeeded in crossing the wall, Fechter, still on the wall, was shot in the pelvis in plain view of hundreds of witnesses. He fell back into the death-strip on the Eastern side, where he remained in view of Western onlookers, including journalists. Despite his screams, he received no medical assistance either from the East or the West side. He bled to death after about an hour. Hundreds in West Berlin formed a spontaneous demonstration, shouting "Murderers!" at the border guards.

The lack of medical assistance for Peter Fechter was attributed to mutual fear: western bystanders were apparently prevented at gunpoint from assisting him, although according to a report in TIME magazine, a U.S. second-lieutenant on the scene received specific orders from the US Commandant in West Berlin to stand firm and do nothing. It also emerged during the trial that any aid attempt from the West had indeed been made impossible, but according to a report from forensic pathologist Otto Prokop, "Fechter had no chance of survival. The shot in the right hip had caused severe internal injuries." Likewise the head of the GDR border platoon stated that he was afraid to intervene, because of an incident just three days earlier when a GDR soldier Rudi Arnstadt had probably been shot by a Western federal policeman. Nonetheless, the GDR border soldiers did retrieve Peter Fechter's dead body an hour after he had fallen.</description-text>
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    <subheader>Peter Fetcher Berlin Wall murder....</subheader>
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    <description>COLUMBIAN CENTINEL, from Boston, Massachusetts, dated January 25, 1792 A page 2 report from &amp;quot;England&amp;quot; give details about two &amp;quot;Albions&amp;quot; (albinos) brought from the interiors of  Africa, with mention that they will be sent to Paris. A page 3 report from Carlisle says that Fts. Jefferson and Franklin were taken by Indians. There is also word that &amp;quot;Major Hamtramack&amp;quot; [sic] was acquitted in a trial after being arrested for disobeying an order. This also contains other news of the day and advertisements, including illustrated ship ads.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is complete in four pages measuring approximately 10.75 x 16.75 inches, with scattered foxing and a slight irregular left spine.</description>
    <description-text>COLUMBIAN CENTINEL, from Boston, Massachusetts, dated January 25, 1792 A page 2 report from "England" give details about two "Albions" (albinos) brought from the interiors of  Africa, with mention that they will be sent to Paris. A page 3 report from Carlisle says that Fts. Jefferson and Franklin were taken by Indians. There is also word that "Major Hamtramack" [sic] was acquitted in a trial after being arrested for disobeying an order. This also contains other news of the day and advertisements, including illustrated ship ads.

This is complete in four pages measuring approximately 10.75 x 16.75 inches, with scattered foxing and a slight irregular left spine.</description-text>
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    <description>NEW YORK DAILY TRIBUNE&amp;nbsp; from New York, NY and dated June 17, 1865. This issue is loaded with post Civil War reports which include the following page one headlines: &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;THE ASSASSINATION&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;THE TRIAL ON FRIDAY&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; &amp;quot;The Hon. Ben. Wood Implicated&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;LATER FROM TEXAS&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;THE RICHMOND FREEDMEN&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Their Visit To The President&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;The Address And Reply&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Details Of The Barbarities Complained Of&amp;quot;, &amp;amp; &amp;quot;Later From Texas&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Rebel Authority Breaking Down&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&lt;strong&gt;Farewell Order Of Kirby Smith&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;quot; (signed in type: Kirby Smith). Bit of (very) lite dampstaining (see photos), but otherwise in very good condition.&amp;nbsp; The issue is complete in 8 pages.</description>
    <description-text>NEW YORK DAILY TRIBUNE  from New York, NY and dated June 17, 1865. This issue is loaded with post Civil War reports which include the following page one headlines: "THE ASSASSINATION", "THE TRIAL ON FRIDAY" "The Hon. Ben. Wood Implicated", "LATER FROM TEXAS", "THE RICHMOND FREEDMEN", "Their Visit To The President", "The Address And Reply", "Details Of The Barbarities Complained Of", &amp; "Later From Texas", "Rebel Authority Breaking Down", "Farewell Order Of Kirby Smith" (signed in type: Kirby Smith). Bit of (very) lite dampstaining (see photos), but otherwise in very good condition.  The issue is complete in 8 pages.</description-text>
    <folder-id type="integer">6</folder-id>
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    <subheader>Lincoln Murder Trial... Kirby Smitth...  Richmond Freedmen...</subheader>
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    <date type="date">1841-02-23</date>
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    <description>NEW YORK HERALD--EXTRA , Nov. 20, 1841&amp;nbsp; An interesting broadside &amp;quot;Extra&amp;quot; edition, obviously printed to report the news received with the arrival of the ship &amp;quot;Caledonia&amp;quot; as proclaimed in the masthead. The news is exclusively from England with items headed: &amp;quot;Great Fire in the Tower of London...Continued Depression in Trade...Revolutionary Plot in Belgium&amp;quot; and more. Plus there are some American items including: &amp;quot;Trial of Edward Boling, the Famous Bigamist--Severity of North Carolina Justice&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Hunter's Lodges in the U. States&amp;quot;. The back page is entirely blank, the definition of a broadside.&lt;br /&gt;
Single sheet, 15 by 19 1/2 inches, excellent condition.</description>
    <description-text>NEW YORK HERALD--EXTRA , Nov. 20, 1841  An interesting broadside "Extra" edition, obviously printed to report the news received with the arrival of the ship "Caledonia" as proclaimed in the masthead. The news is exclusively from England with items headed: "Great Fire in the Tower of London...Continued Depression in Trade...Revolutionary Plot in Belgium" and more. Plus there are some American items including: "Trial of Edward Boling, the Famous Bigamist--Severity of North Carolina Justice" and "Hunter's Lodges in the U. States". The back page is entirely blank, the definition of a broadside.
Single sheet, 15 by 19 1/2 inches, excellent condition.</description-text>
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    <price type="decimal">78.0</price>
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    <subheader>Broadside "Extra" edition printed because the ship arrived... </subheader>
    <topics>cat170</topics>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2009-11-18T09:41:16-05:00</updated-at>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-10-27T06:19:27-04:00</created-at>
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    <date type="date">1927-06-02</date>
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    <description>THE SCRANTON TIMES, Scranton, Pennsylvania, June 2, 1927&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Lizzie Borden death report &lt;br /&gt;
* Famous female Ax Murderer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 34 page newspaper has two column headlines on page 2: &amp;quot;DEFENDANT IN CELEBRATED MURDER CASE DIES AT 68&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Miss Borden Had Been Charged With Deaths of Wealthy Parents--Victims Beaten To Death With Axe in 1892&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day including much regarding the recent Charles Lindbergh flight across the Atlantic Ocean. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usual browning with some margin wear, otherwise good. Should be handled with care.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;wikipeida notes:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Lizzie Andrew Borden (July 19, 1860 &amp;ndash; June 1, 1927) was a New England spinster who was the central figure in the hatchet murders of her father and stepmother on August 4, 1892 in Fall River, Massachusetts in the United States. The murders, subsequent trial, and following trial by media became a cause c&amp;eacute;l&amp;egrave;bre. The fame of the incident has endured in American pop culture and criminology. Although Lizzie Borden was acquitted, no one else was ever arrested or tried, and she has remained notorious in American folklore. Dispute over the identity of the killer or killers continues to this day.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Lizzie Borden died of pneumonia on June 1, 1927 in Fall River, Massachusetts. The funeral details were not made public and few people attended her burial. Borden was buried in Oak Grove Cemetery under the name &amp;quot;Lizbeth Andrew Borden&amp;quot;, her footstone reading &amp;quot;Lizbeth&amp;quot;. Her will, probated on June 25, 1927, left $30,000 to the Fall River Animal Rescue League. She also left $500 in perpetual trust for the care of her father's grave. Nine days later, her estranged sister, Emma Lenora Borden, died from a fall in Newmarket, New Hampshire, on June 10, 1927.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The house on Second Street where the murders occurred is now a bed and breakfast. Maplecroft, the mansion Borden bought after her acquittal, on then-fashionable French Street in the &amp;quot;highlands&amp;quot; is privately owned, and only occasionally available for touring.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE SCRANTON TIMES, Scranton, Pennsylvania, June 2, 1927
 
* Lizzie Borden death report 
* Famous female Ax Murderer

This 34 page newspaper has two column headlines on page 2: "DEFENDANT IN CELEBRATED MURDER CASE DIES AT 68", "Miss Borden Had Been Charged With Deaths of Wealthy Parents--Victims Beaten To Death With Axe in 1892".

Other news of the day including much regarding the recent Charles Lindbergh flight across the Atlantic Ocean. 

Usual browning with some margin wear, otherwise good. Should be handled with care.

wikipeida notes: Lizzie Andrew Borden (July 19, 1860 &amp;ndash; June 1, 1927) was a New England spinster who was the central figure in the hatchet murders of her father and stepmother on August 4, 1892 in Fall River, Massachusetts in the United States. The murders, subsequent trial, and following trial by media became a cause c&amp;eacute;l&amp;egrave;bre. The fame of the incident has endured in American pop culture and criminology. Although Lizzie Borden was acquitted, no one else was ever arrested or tried, and she has remained notorious in American folklore. Dispute over the identity of the killer or killers continues to this day.

Lizzie Borden died of pneumonia on June 1, 1927 in Fall River, Massachusetts. The funeral details were not made public and few people attended her burial. Borden was buried in Oak Grove Cemetery under the name "Lizbeth Andrew Borden", her footstone reading "Lizbeth". Her will, probated on June 25, 1927, left $30,000 to the Fall River Animal Rescue League. She also left $500 in perpetual trust for the care of her father's grave. Nine days later, her estranged sister, Emma Lenora Borden, died from a fall in Newmarket, New Hampshire, on June 10, 1927.

The house on Second Street where the murders occurred is now a bed and breakfast. Maplecroft, the mansion Borden bought after her acquittal, on then-fashionable French Street in the "highlands" is privately owned, and only occasionally available for touring.</description-text>
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    <price type="decimal">60.0</price>
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    <state nil="true"></state>
    <subheader>Death of Lizzie Borden in 1927....</subheader>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2009-12-21T11:28:03-05:00</updated-at>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-10-23T15:20:35-04:00</created-at>
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    <date type="date">1769-11-18</date>
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    <description>THE NORTH BRITON, London, November 18,1769&amp;nbsp; This was a radical newspaper from the 18th century, very much associated with the name John Wilkes. Wilkes published the issues #1 thru 46. &lt;br /&gt;
Issue number 45 (April 23, 1763) is the most famous issue of the paper. It criticized a royal speech in which King George III praised the Treaty of Paris ending the Seven Years' War. Wilkes was charged with libel (accusing the King of lying), and imprisoned for a short time in the Tower of London. Wilkes challenged the general warrant for his arrest and seizure of his paper, eventually winning the case. His courtroom speeches launched the cry &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Wilkes and Liberty!&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;, a popular slogan for freedom of speech and resistance to power. By the time Wilkes was released from prison in 1770, &amp;quot;45&amp;quot; had become a popular icon not only of Wilkes, but of liberty and freedom of speech in general.&lt;br /&gt;
Issue numbers 47 (May 10, 1768) through 218 (May 11, 1771) were published by William Bingley. Bingley was jailed on account of issues number 50 and 51. He was released after two years without trial.&lt;br /&gt;
This issue is from the Bingley era.&lt;br /&gt;
A 6 page newspaper measuring about 8 by 12 inches. Minor foxing, mostly nice.&amp;nbsp; The image shown is representative of the look and condition of the issue you will receive, but actual dates vary (but&amp;nbsp; from 1769).</description>
    <description-text>THE NORTH BRITON, London, November 18,1769  This was a radical newspaper from the 18th century, very much associated with the name John Wilkes. Wilkes published the issues #1 thru 46. 
Issue number 45 (April 23, 1763) is the most famous issue of the paper. It criticized a royal speech in which King George III praised the Treaty of Paris ending the Seven Years' War. Wilkes was charged with libel (accusing the King of lying), and imprisoned for a short time in the Tower of London. Wilkes challenged the general warrant for his arrest and seizure of his paper, eventually winning the case. His courtroom speeches launched the cry "Wilkes and Liberty!", a popular slogan for freedom of speech and resistance to power. By the time Wilkes was released from prison in 1770, "45" had become a popular icon not only of Wilkes, but of liberty and freedom of speech in general.
Issue numbers 47 (May 10, 1768) through 218 (May 11, 1771) were published by William Bingley. Bingley was jailed on account of issues number 50 and 51. He was released after two years without trial.
This issue is from the Bingley era.
A 6 page newspaper measuring about 8 by 12 inches. Minor foxing, mostly nice.  The image shown is representative of the look and condition of the issue you will receive, but actual dates vary (but  from 1769).</description-text>
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    <subheader>Radical newspaper of the 18th century...</subheader>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-10-23T05:31:33-04:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1934-09-24</date>
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    <description>&lt;p&gt;THE BURLINGTON FREE PRESS, Burlington, Vermont, September 24, 1934&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Bruno Hauptmann arrest&lt;br /&gt;
* Charles Lindbergh baby kidnapping&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
* Ransom money found&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 16 page newspaper has one column headlines on the front page that include: &amp;quot;Building Up Case Against Hauptmann&amp;quot; and more with related photo.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day throughout. Usual browning with minor margin wear, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;source: wikipedia:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;The kidnapping of Charles Lindbergh Jr. occurred on the evening of 1 March 1932. A $50,000 ransom was paid, but the infant was not returned. A corpse identified as the boy's was found on 12 May 1932 in the woods four miles from the Lindbergh home. The cause of death was listed as a very severe blow to the head.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
More than two years later, on 18 September 1934, a gold certificate from the ransom money was discovered; it had a license plate number written on it. Gold certificates were rapidly being withdrawn from circulation; to see one was unusual and in this case, anything, attracted attention. The New York license plate belonged to a dark blue Dodge sedan owned by Hauptmann. Hauptmann was arrested the next day and charged with the murder.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The trial attracted wide media attention and was dubbed the &amp;ldquo;trial of the century.&amp;rdquo; The trial was held in Flemington, New Jersey and ran from 2 January to 13 February 1935. Col. Henry S. Breckinridge was Lindbergh's lawyer throughout the case and acted as intermediary in the ransom negotiations, assisted by Robert H. Thayer. (On discovering his missing child, Lindbergh phoned Breckinridge before calling the police.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evidence produced against Hauptmann included over $14,000 in ransom money that was found in his garage, a hand-made ladder supposedly used in the kidnapping (which matched wood and carpentry equipment found in his home), and testimony alleging handwriting and spelling similarities to that found on the ransom notes. Hauptmann was positively identified as the man to whom the ransom money was delivered. Other witnesses testified that it was Hauptmann who had spent some of the Lindbergh gold certificates, that he had been seen in the area of the Hopewell estate on the day of the kidnapping, and that he had been absent from work on the day of the ransom payment. Based on this strong but circumstantial evidence, Hauptmann was convicted and sentenced to death. He denied his guilt to the very end, insisting the box found to contain gold certificates had been left in his garage by a friend, named Isidor Fisch, who had returned to Germany and died there in March 1934.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
New Jersey Governor Harold G. Hoffman (who later became infamous for embezzlement) secretly visited Hauptmann in his death row cell on the evening of 16 October 1935 with Anna Bading, a stenographer and fluent speaker of German. Hoffman urged the other members of the New Jersey Court of Errors and Appeals, then the state's highest court, to visit Hauptmann.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Despite Governor Hoffman's evident doubt as to Hauptmann's guilt, Hoffman was unable to convince the other members of the Court of Errors to re-examine the case, and on 3 April 1936 Hauptmann was executed in the electric chair at New Jersey State Prison known as Old Smokey. Hauptmann had requested a last meal consisting of celery, olives, chicken, french fries, buttered peas, cherries and cake. Reporters present at the execution reported that he went to the electric chair without saying any last words, but other reports later said that he was vehemently protesting his innocence.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After the execution, Hauptmann's widow, Anna, applied for and received special permission that was required to take her husband's body out of state, so that it could be cremated at the U.S. Crematory, also called the Fresh Pond Crematory, in the Maspeth neighborhood of Queens, New York. The memorial service there was religious (two Lutheran pastors conducted the service in German), and private (under New Jersey law public services were not permitted for felons, and Hauptmann's wife had agreed to this as a condition of receiving her husband's body) and was attended by only six people (the legal limit under New Jersey rules) but a crowd of over 2,000 gathered outside anyway. Hauptmann's widow had planned to return to Germany with the ashes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE BURLINGTON FREE PRESS, Burlington, Vermont, September 24, 1934  

* Bruno Hauptmann arrest
* Charles Lindbergh baby kidnapping  
* Ransom money found  

This 16 page newspaper has one column headlines on the front page that include: "Building Up Case Against Hauptmann" and more with related photo.

Other news of the day throughout. Usual browning with minor margin wear, otherwise in good condition.

source: wikipedia: The kidnapping of Charles Lindbergh Jr. occurred on the evening of 1 March 1932. A $50,000 ransom was paid, but the infant was not returned. A corpse identified as the boy's was found on 12 May 1932 in the woods four miles from the Lindbergh home. The cause of death was listed as a very severe blow to the head.

More than two years later, on 18 September 1934, a gold certificate from the ransom money was discovered; it had a license plate number written on it. Gold certificates were rapidly being withdrawn from circulation; to see one was unusual and in this case, anything, attracted attention. The New York license plate belonged to a dark blue Dodge sedan owned by Hauptmann. Hauptmann was arrested the next day and charged with the murder.

The trial attracted wide media attention and was dubbed the &amp;ldquo;trial of the century.&amp;rdquo; The trial was held in Flemington, New Jersey and ran from 2 January to 13 February 1935. Col. Henry S. Breckinridge was Lindbergh's lawyer throughout the case and acted as intermediary in the ransom negotiations, assisted by Robert H. Thayer. (On discovering his missing child, Lindbergh phoned Breckinridge before calling the police.)

Evidence produced against Hauptmann included over $14,000 in ransom money that was found in his garage, a hand-made ladder supposedly used in the kidnapping (which matched wood and carpentry equipment found in his home), and testimony alleging handwriting and spelling similarities to that found on the ransom notes. Hauptmann was positively identified as the man to whom the ransom money was delivered. Other witnesses testified that it was Hauptmann who had spent some of the Lindbergh gold certificates, that he had been seen in the area of the Hopewell estate on the day of the kidnapping, and that he had been absent from work on the day of the ransom payment. Based on this strong but circumstantial evidence, Hauptmann was convicted and sentenced to death. He denied his guilt to the very end, insisting the box found to contain gold certificates had been left in his garage by a friend, named Isidor Fisch, who had returned to Germany and died there in March 1934.

New Jersey Governor Harold G. Hoffman (who later became infamous for embezzlement) secretly visited Hauptmann in his death row cell on the evening of 16 October 1935 with Anna Bading, a stenographer and fluent speaker of German. Hoffman urged the other members of the New Jersey Court of Errors and Appeals, then the state's highest court, to visit Hauptmann.

Despite Governor Hoffman's evident doubt as to Hauptmann's guilt, Hoffman was unable to convince the other members of the Court of Errors to re-examine the case, and on 3 April 1936 Hauptmann was executed in the electric chair at New Jersey State Prison known as Old Smokey. Hauptmann had requested a last meal consisting of celery, olives, chicken, french fries, buttered peas, cherries and cake. Reporters present at the execution reported that he went to the electric chair without saying any last words, but other reports later said that he was vehemently protesting his innocence.

After the execution, Hauptmann's widow, Anna, applied for and received special permission that was required to take her husband's body out of state, so that it could be cremated at the U.S. Crematory, also called the Fresh Pond Crematory, in the Maspeth neighborhood of Queens, New York. The memorial service there was religious (two Lutheran pastors conducted the service in German), and private (under New Jersey law public services were not permitted for felons, and Hauptmann's wife had agreed to this as a condition of receiving her husband's body) and was attended by only six people (the legal limit under New Jersey rules) but a crowd of over 2,000 gathered outside anyway. Hauptmann's widow had planned to return to Germany with the ashes.</description-text>
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    <subheader>Charles Lindbergh Ransom Money Found In 1934...  </subheader>
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    <date type="date">1929-03-13</date>
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    <description>THE BETHLEHEM GLOBE TIMES, from Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, dated March 13, 1929&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Post St. Valentine's Day Massacre &lt;br /&gt;
* Al Capone considered responsible (1st report)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 24 page newspaper has one column headlines on the front page:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* GANG MASSACRE AND STRING OF MURDERS SOLVED&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;* Word From State's Attorney's Office in Chicago 'We Have Last Link'&lt;br /&gt;
* IRON RULE OF CAPONE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
and more. Tells of the investigation in which Al Capone was thought to be the mastermind behind it all but could not be proved with concrete evidence.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day. Light browning with minor margin wear, otherwise good.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;The Saint Valentine's Day massacre is the name given to the murder of seven people as part of a Prohibition Era conflict between two powerful criminal gangs in Chicago, Illinois, in 1929: the South Side Italian gang led by Al Capone and the North Side Irish gang led by Bugs Moran. Former members of the Egan's Rats gang were also suspected to have played a large role in the St. Valentine's Day massacre, assisting Capone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The slaughter exceeded anything yet seen in the United States at that time. At first, it was thought that police might indeed have been responsible for the killings, but 255 detectives were soon cleared. Chicago Police scrambled to figure out who had been responsible.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since it was common knowledge that Moran was hijacking Capone's Detroit-based liquor shipments, police focused their attention on the Purple Gang. Mug shots of Purple members George Lewis, Eddie Fletcher, Phil Keywell and his younger brother Harry, were picked out by the landlady across the street as the phony roomers. Later, the women who identified them wavered, and, Fletcher, Lewis, and Harry Keywell were all questioned and cleared by Chicago Police. Nevertheless, the Keywell brothers (and by extension the Purple Gang) would remain ensnared in the massacre case for all time.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A week after the massacre, a 1927 Cadillac sedan was found disassembled and partially burned in a garage on Wood Street. It was determined that the car had been used by the massacre killers. The garage was located two blocks from the Circus Caf&amp;eacute;, which was operated by Claude Maddox, a former St. Louis gangster and member of the Capone mob.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Detectives checking leads in St. Louis discovered that former members of the Egan's Rats mob might have played a part. They soon announced they were seeking Fred &amp;quot;Killer&amp;quot; Burke and James Ray as the two uniformed police officers in the garage. Burke and other members of the mob had been known to use police uniforms to fool their victims. Police also proposed that Joseph Lolordo may have been one of the machine gunners, mostly likely because his brother Pasqualino had recently been murdered by the North Side Gang.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Police also announced they suspected Capone gunmen John Scalise and Albert Anselmi, as well as Jack McGurn himself, and Frank Rio, a Capone bodyguard. Police eventually charged McGurn and Scalise with the massacre. John Scalise was murdered before he went to trial and the charges against Jack McGurn were downgraded to a violation of the Mann Act, stemming from taking the main witness against him, girlfriend Louise Rolfe (who became known as the &amp;quot;Blonde Alibi&amp;quot;), across state lines to marry.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The case stagnated until December 14, 1929, when Berrien County sheriffs raided the St. Joseph, Michigan bungalow of &amp;ldquo;Frederick Dane&amp;rdquo;. Dane had been the registered owner of a vehicle driven by Fred &amp;quot;Killer&amp;quot; Burke. Burke had been drinking and rear-ended another vehicle in front of the police station. Officer Charles Skelly ran outside to investigate. When Burke attempted to drive away, Officer Skelly hopped on the running board and was shot off. He died of his wounds a short time later.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When police raided Burke's bungalow, they found a bulletproof vest, bonds recently stolen from a Wisconsin bank, two Thompson submachine guns, pistols, two shotguns, and thousands of rounds of ammunition. Both machine guns were determined to have been used in the massacre. Unfortunately, no further concrete evidence would surface in the massacre case. Burke would be captured over a year later on a Missouri farm. As the case against him in the murder of Officer Skelly was strongest, he was tried in Michigan and subsequently sentenced to life imprisonment. Fred Burke died in prison in 1940.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE BETHLEHEM GLOBE TIMES, from Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, dated March 13, 1929

* Post St. Valentine's Day Massacre 
* Al Capone considered responsible (1st report)

This 24 page newspaper has one column headlines on the front page:

* GANG MASSACRE AND STRING OF MURDERS SOLVED
* Word From State's Attorney's Office in Chicago 'We Have Last Link'
* IRON RULE OF CAPONE

and more. Tells of the investigation in which Al Capone was thought to be the mastermind behind it all but could not be proved with concrete evidence.

Other news of the day. Light browning with minor margin wear, otherwise good.

wikipedia notes: The Saint Valentine's Day massacre is the name given to the murder of seven people as part of a Prohibition Era conflict between two powerful criminal gangs in Chicago, Illinois, in 1929: the South Side Italian gang led by Al Capone and the North Side Irish gang led by Bugs Moran. Former members of the Egan's Rats gang were also suspected to have played a large role in the St. Valentine's Day massacre, assisting Capone.

The slaughter exceeded anything yet seen in the United States at that time. At first, it was thought that police might indeed have been responsible for the killings, but 255 detectives were soon cleared. Chicago Police scrambled to figure out who had been responsible.

Since it was common knowledge that Moran was hijacking Capone's Detroit-based liquor shipments, police focused their attention on the Purple Gang. Mug shots of Purple members George Lewis, Eddie Fletcher, Phil Keywell and his younger brother Harry, were picked out by the landlady across the street as the phony roomers. Later, the women who identified them wavered, and, Fletcher, Lewis, and Harry Keywell were all questioned and cleared by Chicago Police. Nevertheless, the Keywell brothers (and by extension the Purple Gang) would remain ensnared in the massacre case for all time.

A week after the massacre, a 1927 Cadillac sedan was found disassembled and partially burned in a garage on Wood Street. It was determined that the car had been used by the massacre killers. The garage was located two blocks from the Circus Caf&amp;eacute;, which was operated by Claude Maddox, a former St. Louis gangster and member of the Capone mob.

Detectives checking leads in St. Louis discovered that former members of the Egan's Rats mob might have played a part. They soon announced they were seeking Fred "Killer" Burke and James Ray as the two uniformed police officers in the garage. Burke and other members of the mob had been known to use police uniforms to fool their victims. Police also proposed that Joseph Lolordo may have been one of the machine gunners, mostly likely because his brother Pasqualino had recently been murdered by the North Side Gang.

Police also announced they suspected Capone gunmen John Scalise and Albert Anselmi, as well as Jack McGurn himself, and Frank Rio, a Capone bodyguard. Police eventually charged McGurn and Scalise with the massacre. John Scalise was murdered before he went to trial and the charges against Jack McGurn were downgraded to a violation of the Mann Act, stemming from taking the main witness against him, girlfriend Louise Rolfe (who became known as the "Blonde Alibi"), across state lines to marry.

The case stagnated until December 14, 1929, when Berrien County sheriffs raided the St. Joseph, Michigan bungalow of &amp;ldquo;Frederick Dane&amp;rdquo;. Dane had been the registered owner of a vehicle driven by Fred "Killer" Burke. Burke had been drinking and rear-ended another vehicle in front of the police station. Officer Charles Skelly ran outside to investigate. When Burke attempted to drive away, Officer Skelly hopped on the running board and was shot off. He died of his wounds a short time later.

When police raided Burke's bungalow, they found a bulletproof vest, bonds recently stolen from a Wisconsin bank, two Thompson submachine guns, pistols, two shotguns, and thousands of rounds of ammunition. Both machine guns were determined to have been used in the massacre. Unfortunately, no further concrete evidence would surface in the massacre case. Burke would be captured over a year later on a Missouri farm. As the case against him in the murder of Officer Skelly was strongest, he was tried in Michigan and subsequently sentenced to life imprisonment. Fred Burke died in prison in 1940.</description-text>
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    <subheader>Al Capone linked to massacre....</subheader>
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    <date type="date">1915-08-23</date>
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    <description>&lt;div&gt;SPRINGFIELD DAILY REPUBLICAN, Springfield, Massachusetts, August 23, 1915&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Leo Frank lynched by mob &lt;br /&gt;
* Judaica&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
This 16 page newspaper has one column headlines on the front page:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* FRANK'S LAST HOUR&lt;br /&gt;
* Story of the Lynching&lt;br /&gt;
* Did Not Confess Crime&lt;br /&gt;
* Accepted Fate Unflinchingly&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
and more.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tells of the lynching of Leo Frank for the murder of a young girl. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day. Light browning with minor margin wear and a small label in the masthead, otherwise good. Should be handled with care.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Leo Max Frank (April 17, 1884 &amp;ndash; August 17, 1915) was an American man who became the only known Jew in history to be lynched on American soil. The manager of a pencil factory in Atlanta, Georgia, Frank was convicted in the rape and murder of a pencil-factory worker, 13-year-old Mary Phagan. The case is widely regarded as having been a miscarriage of justice. It was the focus of many conflicting cultural pressures, and the jury's conclusion represented in part, class and regional resentment of educated Northern industrialists who were perceived to be wielding too much power in the South, threatening southern culture and morality. The trial was sensationalized by the media. The Georgia politician and publisher Tom Watson used the case to build personal political power and support for a revival of the Ku Klux Klan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Shortly after Frank's conviction, new evidence emerged that cast doubt on his guilt. After the governor commuted his death sentence to life imprisonment, Frank was kidnapped from prison and lynched by a group of prominent citizens who called themselves the &amp;quot;Knights of Mary Phagan&amp;quot;. The group is reported to have included the son of a senator, a former governor, lawyers, and a prosecutor.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <description-text>SPRINGFIELD DAILY REPUBLICAN, Springfield, Massachusetts, August 23, 1915
  
* Leo Frank lynched by mob 
* Judaica

This 16 page newspaper has one column headlines on the front page:

* FRANK'S LAST HOUR
* Story of the Lynching
* Did Not Confess Crime
* Accepted Fate Unflinchingly

and more.

Tells of the lynching of Leo Frank for the murder of a young girl. 

Other news of the day. Light browning with minor margin wear and a small label in the masthead, otherwise good. Should be handled with care.

wikipedia notes: Leo Max Frank (April 17, 1884 &amp;ndash; August 17, 1915) was an American man who became the only known Jew in history to be lynched on American soil. The manager of a pencil factory in Atlanta, Georgia, Frank was convicted in the rape and murder of a pencil-factory worker, 13-year-old Mary Phagan. The case is widely regarded as having been a miscarriage of justice. It was the focus of many conflicting cultural pressures, and the jury's conclusion represented in part, class and regional resentment of educated Northern industrialists who were perceived to be wielding too much power in the South, threatening southern culture and morality. The trial was sensationalized by the media. The Georgia politician and publisher Tom Watson used the case to build personal political power and support for a revival of the Ku Klux Klan.

Shortly after Frank's conviction, new evidence emerged that cast doubt on his guilt. After the governor commuted his death sentence to life imprisonment, Frank was kidnapped from prison and lynched by a group of prominent citizens who called themselves the "Knights of Mary Phagan". The group is reported to have included the son of a senator, a former governor, lawyers, and a prosecutor.
</description-text>
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    <subheader>Leo Frank Lynched in 1915...</subheader>
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    <date type="date">1903-12-19</date>
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    <description>THE DAILY PICAYUNE, New Orleans, Louisiana, December 19, 1903&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Famous Wright Brothers flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina&lt;br /&gt;
* Orville &amp;amp; Wilbur Wright&lt;br /&gt;
* Historic 1st report on airplane&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The significance of the report within the issue is equaled only by the insignificance of its placement &amp;amp; focus, as this newspaper gives a first report of the first manned flight, an event which would change the world forever and become a defining event of the 20th century. Less than 66 years after the Wright brothers successful flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, man was walking on the moon.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Page 15 of this 16 page newspaper contains a report near the bottom of the page which is headed: &amp;quot;MACHINE FLIES&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Successful Trial Trip Near Kitty Hawk, N.C.&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Two Six Blade Propellers, Operated by Gasoline Engine, Furnish Motive Power&amp;quot;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The full text of the report can be seen in the photos--and is actually longer than most newspaper accounts, which rarely extended beyond one paragraph--includes near the beginning: &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;A successful trial trip of a flying machine was made yesterday near Kitty Hawk, N.C. by Wilbur and Orville Wright, of Dayton, Ohio. The machine few for three miles...and then gracefully descended to earth at the spot selected by the man in the navigator's car...The machine has no balloon attachment...&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; with more (see).&amp;nbsp; Apparently few recognized then how this event would change the world.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Complete in 16 pages, some browning or light dirtiness to an upper quadrant of the front page, cleanly loose at the spine, some minor margin wear. Actually in better condition than most newspapers of this vintage, as typically early 20th century issues are exceedingly pulpish and fragile. But this issue must be handled carefully too.</description>
    <description-text>THE DAILY PICAYUNE, New Orleans, Louisiana, December 19, 1903 

* Famous Wright Brothers flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina
* Orville &amp; Wilbur Wright
* Historic 1st report on airplane

The significance of the report within the issue is equaled only by the insignificance of its placement &amp; focus, as this newspaper gives a first report of the first manned flight, an event which would change the world forever and become a defining event of the 20th century. Less than 66 years after the Wright brothers successful flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, man was walking on the moon.

Page 15 of this 16 page newspaper contains a report near the bottom of the page which is headed: "MACHINE FLIES" "Successful Trial Trip Near Kitty Hawk, N.C." "Two Six Blade Propellers, Operated by Gasoline Engine, Furnish Motive Power". 

The full text of the report can be seen in the photos--and is actually longer than most newspaper accounts, which rarely extended beyond one paragraph--includes near the beginning: "A successful trial trip of a flying machine was made yesterday near Kitty Hawk, N.C. by Wilbur and Orville Wright, of Dayton, Ohio. The machine few for three miles...and then gracefully descended to earth at the spot selected by the man in the navigator's car...The machine has no balloon attachment..." with more (see).  Apparently few recognized then how this event would change the world.

Complete in 16 pages, some browning or light dirtiness to an upper quadrant of the front page, cleanly loose at the spine, some minor margin wear. Actually in better condition than most newspapers of this vintage, as typically early 20th century issues are exceedingly pulpish and fragile. But this issue must be handled carefully too.</description-text>
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    <subheader>The Wright brothers fly, changing the world forever...</subheader>
    <topics>cat168</topics>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2010-01-20T09:25:06-05:00</updated-at>
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    <date type="date">1927-08-08</date>
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    <description>FITCHBURG SENTINEL, Fitchburg, Massachusetts, August 8, 1927 &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Sacco and Vanzetti faces the electric chair&lt;br /&gt;
* New York City residents protest death sentence&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 12 page newspaper has a nice banner headline on the front page: &amp;quot;SANDERSON DENIES WRITS IN SACCO-VANZETTI CASE&amp;quot; with subheads. (see)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day. Light browning with minor margin wear, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt; Ferdinando Nicola Sacco (April 22, 1891) and Bartolomeo Vanzetti (June 11, 1888) both executed August 23, 1927, were two Italian-born laborers and anarchists who were tried, convicted and executed via electrocution on August 23, 1927 in Massachusetts for the 1920 armed robbery and murder of a pay-clerk and a security guard in Braintree, Massachusetts.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Today, the case continues to incite controversy based on questions regarding culpability, the question of the innocence or guilt of Sacco and Vanzetti, and conformance, the question of whether the trials were fair to Sacco and Vanzetti.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On August 23, 1977, Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis signed a proclamation declaring, &amp;quot;Any stigma and disgrace should be forever removed from the names of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti. We are not here to say whether these men are guilty or innocent. We are here to say that the high standards of justice, which we in Massachusetts take such pride in, failed Sacco and Vanzetti.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>FITCHBURG SENTINEL, Fitchburg, Massachusetts, August 8, 1927 

* Sacco and Vanzetti faces the electric chair
* New York City residents protest death sentence

This 12 page newspaper has a nice banner headline on the front page: "SANDERSON DENIES WRITS IN SACCO-VANZETTI CASE" with subheads. (see)

Other news of the day. Light browning with minor margin wear, otherwise in good condition.

wikipedia notes: Ferdinando Nicola Sacco (April 22, 1891) and Bartolomeo Vanzetti (June 11, 1888) both executed August 23, 1927, were two Italian-born laborers and anarchists who were tried, convicted and executed via electrocution on August 23, 1927 in Massachusetts for the 1920 armed robbery and murder of a pay-clerk and a security guard in Braintree, Massachusetts.

Today, the case continues to incite controversy based on questions regarding culpability, the question of the innocence or guilt of Sacco and Vanzetti, and conformance, the question of whether the trials were fair to Sacco and Vanzetti.

On August 23, 1977, Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis signed a proclamation declaring, "Any stigma and disgrace should be forever removed from the names of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti. We are not here to say whether these men are guilty or innocent. We are here to say that the high standards of justice, which we in Massachusetts take such pride in, failed Sacco and Vanzetti."</description-text>
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    <subheader>Sacco and Vanzetti face electric chair...</subheader>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2009-11-16T12:51:30-05:00</updated-at>
    <updated-system-user-id type="integer">7</updated-system-user-id>
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  <web-item>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-09-30T09:40:16-04:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1964-03-14</date>
    <date-range-end type="date" nil="true"></date-range-end>
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    <description>THE DETROIT NEWS, Detroit, Michigan, March 14, 1964 &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Jack Ruby &lt;br /&gt;
* Lee Harvey Oswald&lt;br /&gt;
* John F. Kennedy&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 24 page newspaper has a two line banner headline on the front page: &amp;quot;Jury Argues Ruby's Fate; Guilty or Insane? 4 Choices Possible&amp;quot; with subhead: &amp;quot;Death, Freedom or Imprisonment Pondered by 12&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tells of the end of the case involving Lee Harvey Oswald's murder. He would be convicted of murder and giving the death sentence on this day.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day. Some small binding holes along the spine, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Prominent San Francisco defense attorney Melvin Belli agreed to represent Ruby free of charge. Some observers thought that the case could have been disposed of as a &amp;quot;murder without malice&amp;quot; charge (roughly equivalent to manslaughter), with a maximum prison sentence of five years. Instead, Belli attempted to prove that Ruby was legally insane and had a history of mental illness in his family (the latter being true, as his mother had been committed to a mental hospital years before). On March 14, 1964, Ruby was convicted of murder with malice, for which he received a death sentence.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE DETROIT NEWS, Detroit, Michigan, March 14, 1964 

* Jack Ruby 
* Lee Harvey Oswald
* John F. Kennedy

This 24 page newspaper has a two line banner headline on the front page: "Jury Argues Ruby's Fate; Guilty or Insane? 4 Choices Possible" with subhead: "Death, Freedom or Imprisonment Pondered by 12"

Tells of the end of the case involving Lee Harvey Oswald's murder. He would be convicted of murder and giving the death sentence on this day.

Other news of the day. Some small binding holes along the spine, otherwise in good condition.

wikipedia notes: Prominent San Francisco defense attorney Melvin Belli agreed to represent Ruby free of charge. Some observers thought that the case could have been disposed of as a "murder without malice" charge (roughly equivalent to manslaughter), with a maximum prison sentence of five years. Instead, Belli attempted to prove that Ruby was legally insane and had a history of mental illness in his family (the latter being true, as his mother had been committed to a mental hospital years before). On March 14, 1964, Ruby was convicted of murder with malice, for which he received a death sentence.</description-text>
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    <subheader>Jack Ruby trial ends...</subheader>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2009-11-06T16:05:11-05:00</updated-at>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-09-28T09:46:52-04:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1948-09-02</date>
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    <description>THE DETROIT FREE PRESS, MI Michigan, September 2, 1948&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Hollywood actor Robert Mitchum &lt;br /&gt;
* Marijuana possession arrest&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 30 page newspaper has two column headlines on the front page: &amp;quot;Dope Arrest Wrecks Career, Says Actor&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Agents, Posing as Dogs, Seize Mitchum, 3 Others and Marijuana&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Report continues on page 2 with related photos. (see)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tells of the arrest of Actor Robert Mitchum and actress Lila Leeds for marijuana possession.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day throughout. Some browning and small binding holes along the spine, otherwise good.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;wikipedia notes: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;On September 1, 1948, after a string of successful films for RKO, Robert Mitchum and actress Lila Leeds were arrested for possession of marijuana. The arrest was the result of a sting operation designed to capture other Hollywood partiers as well, but Mitchum and Leeds did not receive the tip-off. After serving a week at the county jail, Mitchum spent 43 days (February 16 to March 30) at a Castaic, California, prison farm, with Life magazine photographers right there snapping photos of him mopping up in his prison uniform.[3] The arrest became the inspiration for the exploitation film She Shoulda Said No! (1949), which starred Leeds. The arrest did little to affect Mitchum's career in the long term, but was seen as an embarrassment by his studio, who ordered Mitchum to clean up his act. The conviction was later overturned by the Los Angeles court and District Attorney's office on January 31, 1951, with the following statement, after it was exposed as a set-up:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;After an exhaustive investigation of the evidence and testimony presented at the trial, the court orders that the verdict of guilty be set aside and that a plea of not guilty be entered and that the information or complaint be dismissed.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE DETROIT FREE PRESS, MI Michigan, September 2, 1948

* Hollywood actor Robert Mitchum 
* Marijuana possession arrest

This 30 page newspaper has two column headlines on the front page: "Dope Arrest Wrecks Career, Says Actor" and "Agents, Posing as Dogs, Seize Mitchum, 3 Others and Marijuana".

Report continues on page 2 with related photos. (see)

Tells of the arrest of Actor Robert Mitchum and actress Lila Leeds for marijuana possession.

Other news of the day throughout. Some browning and small binding holes along the spine, otherwise good.

wikipedia notes: On September 1, 1948, after a string of successful films for RKO, Robert Mitchum and actress Lila Leeds were arrested for possession of marijuana. The arrest was the result of a sting operation designed to capture other Hollywood partiers as well, but Mitchum and Leeds did not receive the tip-off. After serving a week at the county jail, Mitchum spent 43 days (February 16 to March 30) at a Castaic, California, prison farm, with Life magazine photographers right there snapping photos of him mopping up in his prison uniform.[3] The arrest became the inspiration for the exploitation film She Shoulda Said No! (1949), which starred Leeds. The arrest did little to affect Mitchum's career in the long term, but was seen as an embarrassment by his studio, who ordered Mitchum to clean up his act. The conviction was later overturned by the Los Angeles court and District Attorney's office on January 31, 1951, with the following statement, after it was exposed as a set-up:

"After an exhaustive investigation of the evidence and testimony presented at the trial, the court orders that the verdict of guilty be set aside and that a plea of not guilty be entered and that the information or complaint be dismissed."</description-text>
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    <subheader>Robert Mitchum marijuana arrest...</subheader>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2010-03-04T10:01:32-05:00</updated-at>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-09-11T10:11:36-04:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1970-08-05</date>
    <date-range-end type="date" nil="true"></date-range-end>
    <date-range-start type="date" nil="true"></date-range-start>
    <description>LEOMINSTER ENTERPRISE, Leominster, Massachusetts, August 5, 1970&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Charles Manson murder trial&lt;br /&gt;
* President Richard Nixon says guilty&lt;br /&gt;
* Court room antics&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 16 page newspaper has two column headline on page 2: &amp;quot;Manson Throws Tate Trial Into State Of Pandemonium&amp;quot;.&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
See photos for text. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day throughout. Some small binding holes along the spine, otherwise in good condition.</description>
    <description-text>LEOMINSTER ENTERPRISE, Leominster, Massachusetts, August 5, 1970

* Charles Manson murder trial
* President Richard Nixon says guilty
* Court room antics

This 16 page newspaper has two column headline on page 2: "Manson Throws Tate Trial Into State Of Pandemonium".

See photos for text. 

Other news of the day throughout. Some small binding holes along the spine, otherwise in good condition.</description-text>
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    <subheader>Charles Manson murder trial in 1970....</subheader>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2009-11-02T12:18:27-05:00</updated-at>
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  <web-item>
    <city nil="true"></city>
    <comments nil="true"></comments>
    <contents-reviewed type="boolean">false</contents-reviewed>
    <created-at type="datetime">2009-09-10T10:16:32-04:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1969-01-29</date>
    <date-range-end type="date" nil="true"></date-range-end>
    <date-range-start type="date" nil="true"></date-range-start>
    <description>THE SPRINGFIELD UNION, Massachusetts, January 29, 1969&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Charles Manson pleads not guilty&lt;br /&gt;
* Sharon Tate / LaBianca murder case&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 52 page newspaper has a two column headline on page 5: &amp;quot;Manson Hears Judge Enter Innocent Plea&amp;quot; with nice photo of Manson in court. (see)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tells of Charles Manson pleading not guilty in the Tate-LaBianca murder trial.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day throughout. Little spine wear, otherwise in nice condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Charles Milles Manson (born November 12, 1934) is an American criminal who led what became known as the Manson Family, a quasi-commune that arose in California in the late 1960s. He was convicted of conspiracy to commit the Tate/LaBianca murders, carried out by members of the group at his instruction. He was found guilty of the murders themselves through the joint-responsibility rule, which makes each member of a conspiracy guilty of crimes his fellow conspirators commit in furtherance of the conspiracy's object.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Manson is associated with &amp;quot;Helter Skelter,&amp;quot; the term he took from the Beatles song of that name and construed as an apocalyptic race war the murders were putatively intended to precipitate. This connection with rock music linked him, from the beginning of his notoriety, with pop culture, in which he became an emblem of insanity, violence, and the macabre. Ultimately, the term was used as the title of the book that prosecutor Vincent Bugliosi wrote about the Manson murders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
At the time the Family began to form, Manson was an unemployed ex-convict, who had spent half his life in correctional institutions for a variety of offenses. In the period before the murders, he was a distant fringe member of the Los Angeles music industry, chiefly via a chance association with Beach Boy Dennis Wilson. After Manson was charged with the crimes, recordings of songs written and performed by him were released commercially. Artists including Guns N' Roses and Marilyn Manson have covered his songs in the decades since.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Manson's death sentence was automatically reduced to life imprisonment when a 1972 decision by the Supreme Court of California temporarily eliminated the state's death penalty. California's eventual reestablishment of capital punishment did not affect Manson, who is an inmate at Corcoran State Prison.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE SPRINGFIELD UNION, Massachusetts, January 29, 1969

* Charles Manson pleads not guilty
* Sharon Tate / LaBianca murder case

This 52 page newspaper has a two column headline on page 5: "Manson Hears Judge Enter Innocent Plea" with nice photo of Manson in court. (see)

Tells of Charles Manson pleading not guilty in the Tate-LaBianca murder trial.

Other news of the day throughout. Little spine wear, otherwise in nice condition.

wikipedia notes: Charles Milles Manson (born November 12, 1934) is an American criminal who led what became known as the Manson Family, a quasi-commune that arose in California in the late 1960s. He was convicted of conspiracy to commit the Tate/LaBianca murders, carried out by members of the group at his instruction. He was found guilty of the murders themselves through the joint-responsibility rule, which makes each member of a conspiracy guilty of crimes his fellow conspirators commit in furtherance of the conspiracy's object.

Manson is associated with "Helter Skelter," the term he took from the Beatles song of that name and construed as an apocalyptic race war the murders were putatively intended to precipitate. This connection with rock music linked him, from the beginning of his notoriety, with pop culture, in which he became an emblem of insanity, violence, and the macabre. Ultimately, the term was used as the title of the book that prosecutor Vincent Bugliosi wrote about the Manson murders.

At the time the Family began to form, Manson was an unemployed ex-convict, who had spent half his life in correctional institutions for a variety of offenses. In the period before the murders, he was a distant fringe member of the Los Angeles music industry, chiefly via a chance association with Beach Boy Dennis Wilson. After Manson was charged with the crimes, recordings of songs written and performed by him were released commercially. Artists including Guns N' Roses and Marilyn Manson have covered his songs in the decades since.

Manson's death sentence was automatically reduced to life imprisonment when a 1972 decision by the Supreme Court of California temporarily eliminated the state's death penalty. California's eventual reestablishment of capital punishment did not affect Manson, who is an inmate at Corcoran State Prison.</description-text>
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    <subheader>Charles Manson pleads not guilty...</subheader>
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    <updated-at type="datetime">2009-11-02T12:56:56-05:00</updated-at>
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  <web-item>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-09-09T14:20:35-04:00</created-at>
    <created-system-user-id type="integer">7</created-system-user-id>
    <date type="date">1921-09-13</date>
    <date-range-end type="date" nil="true"></date-range-end>
    <date-range-start type="date" nil="true"></date-range-start>
    <description>TAUNTON DAILY GAZETTE, Massachusetts, September 13, 1921&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Comedian/Actor&lt;br /&gt;
* Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle &lt;br /&gt;
* Manslaughter&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 12 page newspaper has a three column headline on the front page: &amp;quot;GRAND JURY REFUSES TO INDICT ROSCOE ARBUCKLE&amp;quot; with subheads and related photos. (see) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day . This issue is browned with some margin wear but no text loss. Should be handled with care.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;source: wikipedia: &lt;/strong&gt;At the height of his career, Arbuckle was under contract to Paramount Pictures for $1 million a year &amp;mdash; the first multi-year/multi-million dollar deal paid by a Hollywood studio.[1] He worked tirelessly, filming three feature films simultaneously. On September 3, 1921 Arbuckle took a break from his hectic film schedule and drove to San Francisco with two friends, Lowell Sherman (an actor/director) and cameraman Fred Fischbach. The three checked into the St. Francis Hotel, decided to have a party, and invited several women to their suite. During the carousing, a 30-year-old aspiring actress named Virginia Rappe became seriously ill and was examined by the hotel doctor, who concluded her symptoms were mostly caused by intoxication.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Rappe died three days later of peritonitis caused by a ruptured bladder. Rappe's companion at the party, Maude Delmont, claimed before a grand jury that Arbuckle had somehow pierced Rappe's bladder while raping her. Rappe's manager Al Semnacker (at a later press conference) accused Arbuckle of using a piece of ice to simulate sex with her, which led to the injuries. By the time the story was reported in newspapers, the object had 'evolved' into being a Coca-Cola or Champagne bottle, instead of a piece of ice. In fact, witnesses testified that Arbuckle rubbed the ice on Rappe's stomach to ease her abdominal pain. Arbuckle was confident that he had nothing to be ashamed of, and denied any wrongdoing. Delmont later made a statement incriminating Arbuckle to the police in an attempt to extort money from Arbuckle's attorneys, but the matter soon spun out of her control.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Roscoe Arbuckle's career is cited by many film historians as one of the great tragedies of Hollywood. His trial was a major media event and stories in William Randolph Hearst's nationwide newspaper chain were written with the intent of making Arbuckle appear guilty. The resulting scandal destroyed both his career and his personal life. Morality groups called for Arbuckle to be sentenced to death, and studio executives ordered Arbuckle's industry friends (whose careers they controlled) to not publicly speak up for him. Charlie Chaplin was in England at the time. Buster Keaton did make a public statement in support of Arbuckle, calling Roscoe one of the kindest souls he had known. Film actor William S. Hart, who never worked with Arbuckle, made public statements which presumed that Arbuckle was guilty.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The prosecutor was San Francisco District Attorney Mathew Brady, who was determined to get a conviction as he was planning to use the case in his campaign to run for governor. To this end, Brady made public pronouncements of Arbuckle&amp;rsquo;s guilt and pressured witnesses to make false statements. During the hearing and despite the judge threatening a motion to dismiss the case, Brady refused to allow the only witness accusing Arbuckle, Maude Delmont, to take the stand and testify. Delmont had a long criminal record with convictions for racketeering, bigamy, fraud and extortion. The defense had also gotten hold of a letter from Delmont admitting to a plan to extort Arbuckle. Along with Delmont&amp;rsquo;s constantly changing story, for her to testify would have ended any chance of going for trial. In his summation, the judge demolished every bit of the prosecution's evidence, and harangued Brady for producing such a flimsy case. The judge found no evidence of rape, but decided that Arbuckle could be tried for manslaughter.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>TAUNTON DAILY GAZETTE, Massachusetts, September 13, 1921

* Comedian/Actor
* Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle 
* Manslaughter

This 12 page newspaper has a three column headline on the front page: "GRAND JURY REFUSES TO INDICT ROSCOE ARBUCKLE" with subheads and related photos. (see) 

Other news of the day . This issue is browned with some margin wear but no text loss. Should be handled with care.

source: wikipedia: At the height of his career, Arbuckle was under contract to Paramount Pictures for $1 million a year &amp;mdash; the first multi-year/multi-million dollar deal paid by a Hollywood studio.[1] He worked tirelessly, filming three feature films simultaneously. On September 3, 1921 Arbuckle took a break from his hectic film schedule and drove to San Francisco with two friends, Lowell Sherman (an actor/director) and cameraman Fred Fischbach. The three checked into the St. Francis Hotel, decided to have a party, and invited several women to their suite. During the carousing, a 30-year-old aspiring actress named Virginia Rappe became seriously ill and was examined by the hotel doctor, who concluded her symptoms were mostly caused by intoxication.

Rappe died three days later of peritonitis caused by a ruptured bladder. Rappe's companion at the party, Maude Delmont, claimed before a grand jury that Arbuckle had somehow pierced Rappe's bladder while raping her. Rappe's manager Al Semnacker (at a later press conference) accused Arbuckle of using a piece of ice to simulate sex with her, which led to the injuries. By the time the story was reported in newspapers, the object had 'evolved' into being a Coca-Cola or Champagne bottle, instead of a piece of ice. In fact, witnesses testified that Arbuckle rubbed the ice on Rappe's stomach to ease her abdominal pain. Arbuckle was confident that he had nothing to be ashamed of, and denied any wrongdoing. Delmont later made a statement incriminating Arbuckle to the police in an attempt to extort money from Arbuckle's attorneys, but the matter soon spun out of her control.

Roscoe Arbuckle's career is cited by many film historians as one of the great tragedies of Hollywood. His trial was a major media event and stories in William Randolph Hearst's nationwide newspaper chain were written with the intent of making Arbuckle appear guilty. The resulting scandal destroyed both his career and his personal life. Morality groups called for Arbuckle to be sentenced to death, and studio executives ordered Arbuckle's industry friends (whose careers they controlled) to not publicly speak up for him. Charlie Chaplin was in England at the time. Buster Keaton did make a public statement in support of Arbuckle, calling Roscoe one of the kindest souls he had known. Film actor William S. Hart, who never worked with Arbuckle, made public statements which presumed that Arbuckle was guilty.

The prosecutor was San Francisco District Attorney Mathew Brady, who was determined to get a conviction as he was planning to use the case in his campaign to run for governor. To this end, Brady made public pronouncements of Arbuckle&amp;rsquo;s guilt and pressured witnesses to make false statements. During the hearing and despite the judge threatening a motion to dismiss the case, Brady refused to allow the only witness accusing Arbuckle, Maude Delmont, to take the stand and testify. Delmont had a long criminal record with convictions for racketeering, bigamy, fraud and extortion. The defense had also gotten hold of a letter from Delmont admitting to a plan to extort Arbuckle. Along with Delmont&amp;rsquo;s constantly changing story, for her to testify would have ended any chance of going for trial. In his summation, the judge demolished every bit of the prosecution's evidence, and harangued Brady for producing such a flimsy case. The judge found no evidence of rape, but decided that Arbuckle could be tried for manslaughter.</description-text>
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    <subheader>Fatty Arbuckle indictment...</subheader>
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    <date type="date">1934-09-22</date>
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    <description>&lt;p&gt;THE BURLINGTON FREE PRESS, Burlington, Vermont, September 22, 1934&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Bruno Hauptmann arrested&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
* Charles Lindbergh baby kidnapping&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
* Ransom money found&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 18 page newspaper has a three column headline on the front page: &amp;quot;Fresh Evidence Tending To Link Hauptmann With Ladder Used In Lindbergh Kidnaping Found&amp;quot; with subheads and related Photo. Two full page pictorials inside. (see)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day throughout.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Usual browning with some margin wear, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;source: wikipedia:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;The kidnapping of Charles Lindbergh Jr. occurred on the evening of 1 March 1932. A $50,000 ransom was paid, but the infant was not returned. A corpse identified as the boy's was found on 12 May 1932 in the woods four miles from the Lindbergh home. The cause of death was listed as a very severe blow to the head.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
More than two years later, on 18 September 1934, a gold certificate from the ransom money was discovered; it had a license plate number written on it. Gold certificates were rapidly being withdrawn from circulation; to see one was unusual and in this case, anything, attracted attention. The New York license plate belonged to a dark blue Dodge sedan owned by Hauptmann. Hauptmann was arrested the next day and charged with the murder.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The trial attracted wide media attention and was dubbed the &amp;ldquo;trial of the century.&amp;rdquo; The trial was held in Flemington, New Jersey and ran from 2 January to 13 February 1935. Col. Henry S. Breckinridge was Lindbergh's lawyer throughout the case and acted as intermediary in the ransom negotiations, assisted by Robert H. Thayer. (On discovering his missing child, Lindbergh phoned Breckinridge before calling the police.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evidence produced against Hauptmann included over $14,000 in ransom money that was found in his garage, a hand-made ladder supposedly used in the kidnapping (which matched wood and carpentry equipment found in his home), and testimony alleging handwriting and spelling similarities to that found on the ransom notes. Hauptmann was positively identified as the man to whom the ransom money was delivered. Other witnesses testified that it was Hauptmann who had spent some of the Lindbergh gold certificates, that he had been seen in the area of the Hopewell estate on the day of the kidnapping, and that he had been absent from work on the day of the ransom payment. Based on this strong but circumstantial evidence, Hauptmann was convicted and sentenced to death. He denied his guilt to the very end, insisting the box found to contain gold certificates had been left in his garage by a friend, named Isidor Fisch, who had returned to Germany and died there in March 1934.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
New Jersey Governor Harold G. Hoffman (who later became infamous for embezzlement) secretly visited Hauptmann in his death row cell on the evening of 16 October 1935 with Anna Bading, a stenographer and fluent speaker of German. Hoffman urged the other members of the New Jersey Court of Errors and Appeals, then the state's highest court, to visit Hauptmann.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Despite Governor Hoffman's evident doubt as to Hauptmann's guilt, Hoffman was unable to convince the other members of the Court of Errors to re-examine the case, and on 3 April 1936 Hauptmann was executed in the electric chair at New Jersey State Prison known as Old Smokey. Hauptmann had requested a last meal consisting of celery, olives, chicken, french fries, buttered peas, cherries and cake. Reporters present at the execution reported that he went to the electric chair without saying any last words, but other reports later said that he was vehemently protesting his innocence.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After the execution, Hauptmann's widow, Anna, applied for and received special permission that was required to take her husband's body out of state, so that it could be cremated at the U.S. Crematory, also called the Fresh Pond Crematory, in the Maspeth neighborhood of Queens, New York. The memorial service there was religious (two Lutheran pastors conducted the service in German), and private (under New Jersey law public services were not permitted for felons, and Hauptmann's wife had agreed to this as a condition of receiving her husband's body) and was attended by only six people (the legal limit under New Jersey rules) but a crowd of over 2,000 gathered outside anyway. Hauptmann's widow had planned to return to Germany with the ashes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE BURLINGTON FREE PRESS, Burlington, Vermont, September 22, 1934  

* Bruno Hauptmann arrested  
* Charles Lindbergh baby kidnapping  
* Ransom money found  

This 18 page newspaper has a three column headline on the front page: "Fresh Evidence Tending To Link Hauptmann With Ladder Used In Lindbergh Kidnaping Found" with subheads and related Photo. Two full page pictorials inside. (see)

Other news of the day throughout.

Usual browning with some margin wear, otherwise in good condition.

source: wikipedia: The kidnapping of Charles Lindbergh Jr. occurred on the evening of 1 March 1932. A $50,000 ransom was paid, but the infant was not returned. A corpse identified as the boy's was found on 12 May 1932 in the woods four miles from the Lindbergh home. The cause of death was listed as a very severe blow to the head.

More than two years later, on 18 September 1934, a gold certificate from the ransom money was discovered; it had a license plate number written on it. Gold certificates were rapidly being withdrawn from circulation; to see one was unusual and in this case, anything, attracted attention. The New York license plate belonged to a dark blue Dodge sedan owned by Hauptmann. Hauptmann was arrested the next day and charged with the murder.

The trial attracted wide media attention and was dubbed the &amp;ldquo;trial of the century.&amp;rdquo; The trial was held in Flemington, New Jersey and ran from 2 January to 13 February 1935. Col. Henry S. Breckinridge was Lindbergh's lawyer throughout the case and acted as intermediary in the ransom negotiations, assisted by Robert H. Thayer. (On discovering his missing child, Lindbergh phoned Breckinridge before calling the police.)

Evidence produced against Hauptmann included over $14,000 in ransom money that was found in his garage, a hand-made ladder supposedly used in the kidnapping (which matched wood and carpentry equipment found in his home), and testimony alleging handwriting and spelling similarities to that found on the ransom notes. Hauptmann was positively identified as the man to whom the ransom money was delivered. Other witnesses testified that it was Hauptmann who had spent some of the Lindbergh gold certificates, that he had been seen in the area of the Hopewell estate on the day of the kidnapping, and that he had been absent from work on the day of the ransom payment. Based on this strong but circumstantial evidence, Hauptmann was convicted and sentenced to death. He denied his guilt to the very end, insisting the box found to contain gold certificates had been left in his garage by a friend, named Isidor Fisch, who had returned to Germany and died there in March 1934.

New Jersey Governor Harold G. Hoffman (who later became infamous for embezzlement) secretly visited Hauptmann in his death row cell on the evening of 16 October 1935 with Anna Bading, a stenographer and fluent speaker of German. Hoffman urged the other members of the New Jersey Court of Errors and Appeals, then the state's highest court, to visit Hauptmann.

Despite Governor Hoffman's evident doubt as to Hauptmann's guilt, Hoffman was unable to convince the other members of the Court of Errors to re-examine the case, and on 3 April 1936 Hauptmann was executed in the electric chair at New Jersey State Prison known as Old Smokey. Hauptmann had requested a last meal consisting of celery, olives, chicken, french fries, buttered peas, cherries and cake. Reporters present at the execution reported that he went to the electric chair without saying any last words, but other reports later said that he was vehemently protesting his innocence.

After the execution, Hauptmann's widow, Anna, applied for and received special permission that was required to take her husband's body out of state, so that it could be cremated at the U.S. Crematory, also called the Fresh Pond Crematory, in the Maspeth neighborhood of Queens, New York. The memorial service there was religious (two Lutheran pastors conducted the service in German), and private (under New Jersey law public services were not permitted for felons, and Hauptmann's wife had agreed to this as a condition of receiving her husband's body) and was attended by only six people (the legal limit under New Jersey rules) but a crowd of over 2,000 gathered outside anyway. Hauptmann's widow had planned to return to Germany with the ashes.</description-text>
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    <subheader>Charles Lindbergh Ransom Money Found In 1934...  </subheader>
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    <date type="date">1936-02-15</date>
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    <description>THE NEW YORK TIMES, New York, NY, February 15, 1936&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Jack 'Machine Gun' McGurn assassinated &lt;br /&gt;
* St. Valentine's Day Massacre fame&lt;br /&gt;
* Al Capone hit man&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 32 page newspaper has a two column headline near the bottom of the front page: &amp;quot;'Machine Gun' McGurn Is Slain in Chicago; Linked to St. Valentine 'Massacre' of 1929&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is a early 1st report on the same day it happened. McGurn was the main hit man for Al Capone during the gangster heyday of the 1920's.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day throughout. Light browning with little margin wear, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Jack &amp;quot;Machine Gun&amp;quot; McGurn (1905 &amp;ndash; February 15, 1936) was a key member of Al Capone's Chicago-based criminal organization known as the Chicago Outfit.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
McGurn is best known for his association with planning the St. Valentine's Day Massacre, in 1929. Although police charged McGurn in the case, he was never brought to trial largely due to his &amp;quot;blonde alibi&amp;quot; - girlfriend and later wife Louise Rolfe - who claimed they spent the whole day together.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Later in 1936 McGurn became impoverished and abandoned by his fellow gangsters, was assassinated by three men using machine guns February 15, 1936, while bowling at the second-floor, Avenue Recreation Bowling Alley, at 805 N. Milwaukee Avenue (at Chicago Avenue).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The identity of McGurn's killers is unknown, but research and speculation by criminologists suggest two possible theories: revenge by George &amp;quot;Bugs&amp;quot; Moran, whose men Jack had planned to kill almost seven years to the date before or the South Side mob under Frank Nitti because McGurn (a heavy drinker and a braggart) had become a liability because of his intimate knowledge of the Outfit.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE NEW YORK TIMES, New York, NY, February 15, 1936

* Jack 'Machine Gun' McGurn assassinated 
* St. Valentine's Day Massacre fame
* Al Capone hit man

This 32 page newspaper has a two column headline near the bottom of the front page: "'Machine Gun' McGurn Is Slain in Chicago; Linked to St. Valentine 'Massacre' of 1929".

This is a early 1st report on the same day it happened. McGurn was the main hit man for Al Capone during the gangster heyday of the 1920's.

Other news of the day throughout. Light browning with little margin wear, otherwise in good condition.

wikipedia notes: Jack "Machine Gun" McGurn (1905 &amp;ndash; February 15, 1936) was a key member of Al Capone's Chicago-based criminal organization known as the Chicago Outfit.

McGurn is best known for his association with planning the St. Valentine's Day Massacre, in 1929. Although police charged McGurn in the case, he was never brought to trial largely due to his "blonde alibi" - girlfriend and later wife Louise Rolfe - who claimed they spent the whole day together.

Later in 1936 McGurn became impoverished and abandoned by his fellow gangsters, was assassinated by three men using machine guns February 15, 1936, while bowling at the second-floor, Avenue Recreation Bowling Alley, at 805 N. Milwaukee Avenue (at Chicago Avenue).

The identity of McGurn's killers is unknown, but research and speculation by criminologists suggest two possible theories: revenge by George "Bugs" Moran, whose men Jack had planned to kill almost seven years to the date before or the South Side mob under Frank Nitti because McGurn (a heavy drinker and a braggart) had become a liability because of his intimate knowledge of the Outfit.</description-text>
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    <subheader>Jack 'Machine Gun' McGurn assassinated...</subheader>
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    <date type="date">1925-05-26</date>
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    <description>THE DETROIT FREE PRESS, Michigan, May 26, 1925 &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* John T. Scopes indicted&lt;br /&gt;
* Scopes monkey trial indictment&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 28 page newspaper has a two column headline on the front page: &amp;quot;Tennessee Evolution Trial Set For July 10&amp;quot; with subhead: &amp;quot;Youthful Schoolmaster Indicted for Teaching Theory of Descent of Man&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This arrest would eventually lead into one pf the most famous trials in American history.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Light browning with minor margin wear, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;John Thomas Scopes (August 3, 1900 &amp;ndash; October 21, 1970), a teacher in Dayton, Tennessee, was charged on May 5, 1925 with violating Tennessee's Butler Act, which prohibited the teaching of evolution in Tennessee schools. He was tried in a case known as the Scopes Monkey Trial.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Scopes was born and raised in Paducah, Kentucky before moving to Illinois as a teenager. He was a member of the class of 1919 in Salem, Illinois, which is also William Jennings Bryan's home town. After he had earned a law degree at the University of Kentucky in 1924, Scopes moved to Dayton where he took a job as the Rhea County High School's football coach, and occasionally filled in as substitute teacher when regular members of staff were off work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Scopes' involvement in the so-called Monkey Trial came about after the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) announced that it would finance a test case challenging the constitutionality of the Butler Act if they could find a Tennessee teacher willing to act as a defendant.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A group of businessmen in Dayton, Tennessee, led by engineer and geologist George Rappleyea, saw this as an opportunity to get publicity for their town and approached Scopes. Rappleyea pointed out that while the Butler Act prohibited the teaching of human evolution, the state required teachers to use the assigned textbook, Hunter's Civic Biology (1914), which included a chapter on evolution. Rappleyea argued that teachers were essentially required to break the law. When asked about the test case Scopes was initially reluctant to get involved, but after some discussion he told the group gathered in Robinson's Drugstore, &amp;quot;If you can prove that I've taught evolution and that I can qualify as a defendant, then I'll be willing to stand trial.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By the time the trial had begun, the defense team included Clarence Darrow, Dudley Field Malone, John Neal, Arthur Garfield Hays and Frank McElwee. The prosecution team, led by Tom Stewart, included brothers Herbert Hicks and Sue K. Hicks, Wallace Haggard, father and son pairings Ben and J. Gordon McKenzie and William Jennings Bryan and William Jennings Bryan Jr. Bryan had spoken at Scopes' high school commencement and remembered the defendant laughing while he was giving the address to the graduating class six years earlier.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The case ended on July 21, 1925, with a guilty verdict, and Scopes was fined $100, which the Baltimore Sun offered to pay. The case was appealed to the Tennessee Supreme Court. In a 3-1 decision written by Chief Justice Grafton Green the Butler Act was held to be constitutional, but overturned Scopes' conviction on a technicality: the judge had set the fine instead of the jury. The Butler Act remained until 1967 when it was repealed by the Tennessee legislature.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Scopes may have actually been innocent of the crime to which his name is inexorably linked. After the trial Scopes admitted to reporter William Kinsey Hutchinson &amp;quot;I didn't violate the law,&amp;quot; (DeCamp p. 435) explaining he had skipped the evolution lesson and his lawyers had coached his students to go on the stand; the Dayton businessmen had assumed he had violated the law. Hutchinson did not file his story until after the Scopes appeal was decided in 1927. Scopes also admitted the truth to the wife of the Universalist minister Charles Francis Potter.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After the trial, Scopes left teaching, and went to work as a geologist for an oil company in Louisiana.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE DETROIT FREE PRESS, Michigan, May 26, 1925 

* John T. Scopes indicted
* Scopes monkey trial indictment

This 28 page newspaper has a two column headline on the front page: "Tennessee Evolution Trial Set For July 10" with subhead: "Youthful Schoolmaster Indicted for Teaching Theory of Descent of Man".

This arrest would eventually lead into one pf the most famous trials in American history.

Light browning with minor margin wear, otherwise in good condition.

wikipedia notes: John Thomas Scopes (August 3, 1900 &amp;ndash; October 21, 1970), a teacher in Dayton, Tennessee, was charged on May 5, 1925 with violating Tennessee's Butler Act, which prohibited the teaching of evolution in Tennessee schools. He was tried in a case known as the Scopes Monkey Trial.

Scopes was born and raised in Paducah, Kentucky before moving to Illinois as a teenager. He was a member of the class of 1919 in Salem, Illinois, which is also William Jennings Bryan's home town. After he had earned a law degree at the University of Kentucky in 1924, Scopes moved to Dayton where he took a job as the Rhea County High School's football coach, and occasionally filled in as substitute teacher when regular members of staff were off work.

Scopes' involvement in the so-called Monkey Trial came about after the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) announced that it would finance a test case challenging the constitutionality of the Butler Act if they could find a Tennessee teacher willing to act as a defendant.

A group of businessmen in Dayton, Tennessee, led by engineer and geologist George Rappleyea, saw this as an opportunity to get publicity for their town and approached Scopes. Rappleyea pointed out that while the Butler Act prohibited the teaching of human evolution, the state required teachers to use the assigned textbook, Hunter's Civic Biology (1914), which included a chapter on evolution. Rappleyea argued that teachers were essentially required to break the law. When asked about the test case Scopes was initially reluctant to get involved, but after some discussion he told the group gathered in Robinson's Drugstore, "If you can prove that I've taught evolution and that I can qualify as a defendant, then I'll be willing to stand trial."

By the time the trial had begun, the defense team included Clarence Darrow, Dudley Field Malone, John Neal, Arthur Garfield Hays and Frank McElwee. The prosecution team, led by Tom Stewart, included brothers Herbert Hicks and Sue K. Hicks, Wallace Haggard, father and son pairings Ben and J. Gordon McKenzie and William Jennings Bryan and William Jennings Bryan Jr. Bryan had spoken at Scopes' high school commencement and remembered the defendant laughing while he was giving the address to the graduating class six years earlier.

The case ended on July 21, 1925, with a guilty verdict, and Scopes was fined $100, which the Baltimore Sun offered to pay. The case was appealed to the Tennessee Supreme Court. In a 3-1 decision written by Chief Justice Grafton Green the Butler Act was held to be constitutional, but overturned Scopes' conviction on a technicality: the judge had set the fine instead of the jury. The Butler Act remained until 1967 when it was repealed by the Tennessee legislature.

Scopes may have actually been innocent of the crime to which his name is inexorably linked. After the trial Scopes admitted to reporter William Kinsey Hutchinson "I didn't violate the law," (DeCamp p. 435) explaining he had skipped the evolution lesson and his lawyers had coached his students to go on the stand; the Dayton businessmen had assumed he had violated the law. Hutchinson did not file his story until after the Scopes appeal was decided in 1927. Scopes also admitted the truth to the wife of the Universalist minister Charles Francis Potter.

After the trial, Scopes left teaching, and went to work as a geologist for an oil company in Louisiana.</description-text>
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    <description>THE SPRINGFIELD UNION, from Springfield, Massachusetts, dated June 17, 1970 &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Charles Manson trial begins&lt;br /&gt;
* Sharon Tate &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 46 page newspaper has a two column headline on page 4:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* Tate Trial Jury Selection Begins&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tells of the murder trial of Charles Manson and his 3 women followers beginning.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day. Little spine wear, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;At the trial, which began June 15, 1970, the prosecution's main witness was Kasabian, who, along with Manson, Atkins, and Krenwinkel, had been charged with seven counts of murder and one of conspiracy. Not having participated in the killings, she was granted immunity in exchange for testimony that detailed the nights of the crimes. Originally, a deal had been made with Atkins in which the prosecution agreed not to seek the death penalty against her in exchange for her grand jury testimony on which the indictments were secured; once Atkins repudiated that testimony, the deal was withdrawn. Because Van Houten had only participated in the LaBianca killings, she was charged with two counts of murder and one of conspiracy.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Originally, Judge William Keene had reluctantly granted Manson permission to act as his own attorney. Because of his conduct, including violations of a gag order and submission of &amp;quot;outlandish&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;nonsensical&amp;quot; pretrial motions, the permission was withdrawn before the start of the trial. Manson filed an affidavit of prejudice against Keene; he was replaced by Judge Charles H. Older. On Friday, July 24, the first day of testimony, Manson appeared in court with an X carved into his forehead (later changed into a swastika) and issued a statement that he was &amp;quot;considered inadequate and incompetent to speak or defend [him]self&amp;quot; &amp;mdash; and had &amp;quot;X'd [him]self from [the establishment's] world.&amp;quot; Over the following weekend, the female defendants duplicated the mark on their own foreheads, as, within another day or so, most Family members did, too.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The prosecution placed the triggering of &amp;quot;Helter Skelter&amp;quot; as the main motive. The crime scenes' bloody White Album references&amp;mdash;pig, rise, helter skelter&amp;mdash;were correlated with testimony about Manson predictions that the murders blacks would commit at the outset of Helter Skelter would involve the writing of &amp;quot;pigs&amp;quot; on walls in victims&amp;rsquo; blood.[40][109] Testimony that Manson had said &amp;quot;now is the time for Helter Skelter&amp;quot; was supplemented with Kasabian&amp;rsquo;s testimony that, on the night of the LaBianca murders, Manson considered discarding Rosemary LaBianca's wallet on the street of a black neighborhood. Having obtained the wallet in the LaBianca house, he &amp;quot;wanted a black person to pick it up and use the credit cards so that the people, the establishment, would think it was some sort of an organized group that killed these people.&amp;quot; On his direction, Kasabian had hidden it in the women's rest room of a service station near a black area. &amp;quot;I want to show blackie how to do it,&amp;quot; Manson had said as the Family members had driven along after the departure from the LaBianca house.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE SPRINGFIELD UNION, from Springfield, Massachusetts, dated June 17, 1970 

* Charles Manson trial begins
* Sharon Tate 

This 46 page newspaper has a two column headline on page 4:

* Tate Trial Jury Selection Begins

Tells of the murder trial of Charles Manson and his 3 women followers beginning.

Other news of the day. Little spine wear, otherwise in good condition.

wikipedia notes: At the trial, which began June 15, 1970, the prosecution's main witness was Kasabian, who, along with Manson, Atkins, and Krenwinkel, had been charged with seven counts of murder and one of conspiracy. Not having participated in the killings, she was granted immunity in exchange for testimony that detailed the nights of the crimes. Originally, a deal had been made with Atkins in which the prosecution agreed not to seek the death penalty against her in exchange for her grand jury testimony on which the indictments were secured; once Atkins repudiated that testimony, the deal was withdrawn. Because Van Houten had only participated in the LaBianca killings, she was charged with two counts of murder and one of conspiracy.

Originally, Judge William Keene had reluctantly granted Manson permission to act as his own attorney. Because of his conduct, including violations of a gag order and submission of "outlandish" and "nonsensical" pretrial motions, the permission was withdrawn before the start of the trial. Manson filed an affidavit of prejudice against Keene; he was replaced by Judge Charles H. Older. On Friday, July 24, the first day of testimony, Manson appeared in court with an X carved into his forehead (later changed into a swastika) and issued a statement that he was "considered inadequate and incompetent to speak or defend [him]self" &amp;mdash; and had "X'd [him]self from [the establishment's] world." Over the following weekend, the female defendants duplicated the mark on their own foreheads, as, within another day or so, most Family members did, too.

The prosecution placed the triggering of "Helter Skelter" as the main motive. The crime scenes' bloody White Album references&amp;mdash;pig, rise, helter skelter&amp;mdash;were correlated with testimony about Manson predictions that the murders blacks would commit at the outset of Helter Skelter would involve the writing of "pigs" on walls in victims&amp;rsquo; blood.[40][109] Testimony that Manson had said "now is the time for Helter Skelter" was supplemented with Kasabian&amp;rsquo;s testimony that, on the night of the LaBianca murders, Manson considered discarding Rosemary LaBianca's wallet on the street of a black neighborhood. Having obtained the wallet in the LaBianca house, he "wanted a black person to pick it up and use the credit cards so that the people, the establishment, would think it was some sort of an organized group that killed these people." On his direction, Kasabian had hidden it in the women's rest room of a service station near a black area. "I want to show blackie how to do it," Manson had said as the Family members had driven along after the departure from the LaBianca house.</description-text>
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    <description>THE SPRINGFIELD UNION, Massachusetts, January 27, 1971 &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Charles Manson found guilty&lt;br /&gt;
* Sharon Tate &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 46 page newspaper has a two column headline on page 6: &amp;quot;Manson to Blame Society In Try to Save His Life&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tells of the guilty verdict for Charles Manson and his 3 women followers. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day. Little spine wear, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;At the trial, which began June 15, 1970, the prosecution's main witness was Kasabian, who, along with Manson, Atkins, and Krenwinkel, had been charged with seven counts of murder and one of conspiracy. Not having participated in the killings, she was granted immunity in exchange for testimony that detailed the nights of the crimes. Originally, a deal had been made with Atkins in which the prosecution agreed not to seek the death penalty against her in exchange for her grand jury testimony on which the indictments were secured; once Atkins repudiated that testimony, the deal was withdrawn. Because Van Houten had only participated in the LaBianca killings, she was charged with two counts of murder and one of conspiracy.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Originally, Judge William Keene had reluctantly granted Manson permission to act as his own attorney. Because of his conduct, including violations of a gag order and submission of &amp;quot;outlandish&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;nonsensical&amp;quot; pretrial motions, the permission was withdrawn before the start of the trial. Manson filed an affidavit of prejudice against Keene; he was replaced by Judge Charles H. Older. On Friday, July 24, the first day of testimony, Manson appeared in court with an X carved into his forehead (later changed into a swastika) and issued a statement that he was &amp;quot;considered inadequate and incompetent to speak or defend [him]self&amp;quot; &amp;mdash; and had &amp;quot;X'd [him]self from [the establishment's] world.&amp;quot; Over the following weekend, the female defendants duplicated the mark on their own foreheads, as, within another day or so, most Family members did, too.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The prosecution placed the triggering of &amp;quot;Helter Skelter&amp;quot; as the main motive. The crime scenes' bloody White Album references&amp;mdash;pig, rise, helter skelter&amp;mdash;were correlated with testimony about Manson predictions that the murders blacks would commit at the outset of Helter Skelter would involve the writing of &amp;quot;pigs&amp;quot; on walls in victims&amp;rsquo; blood.[40][109] Testimony that Manson had said &amp;quot;now is the time for Helter Skelter&amp;quot; was supplemented with Kasabian&amp;rsquo;s testimony that, on the night of the LaBianca murders, Manson considered discarding Rosemary LaBianca's wallet on the street of a black neighborhood. Having obtained the wallet in the LaBianca house, he &amp;quot;wanted a black person to pick it up and use the credit cards so that the people, the establishment, would think it was some sort of an organized group that killed these people.&amp;quot; On his direction, Kasabian had hidden it in the women's rest room of a service station near a black area. &amp;quot;I want to show blackie how to do it,&amp;quot; Manson had said as the Family members had driven along after the departure from the LaBianca house.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE SPRINGFIELD UNION, Massachusetts, January 27, 1971 

* Charles Manson found guilty
* Sharon Tate 

This 46 page newspaper has a two column headline on page 6: "Manson to Blame Society In Try to Save His Life".

Tells of the guilty verdict for Charles Manson and his 3 women followers. 

Other news of the day. Little spine wear, otherwise in good condition.

wikipedia notes: At the trial, which began June 15, 1970, the prosecution's main witness was Kasabian, who, along with Manson, Atkins, and Krenwinkel, had been charged with seven counts of murder and one of conspiracy. Not having participated in the killings, she was granted immunity in exchange for testimony that detailed the nights of the crimes. Originally, a deal had been made with Atkins in which the prosecution agreed not to seek the death penalty against her in exchange for her grand jury testimony on which the indictments were secured; once Atkins repudiated that testimony, the deal was withdrawn. Because Van Houten had only participated in the LaBianca killings, she was charged with two counts of murder and one of conspiracy.

Originally, Judge William Keene had reluctantly granted Manson permission to act as his own attorney. Because of his conduct, including violations of a gag order and submission of "outlandish" and "nonsensical" pretrial motions, the permission was withdrawn before the start of the trial. Manson filed an affidavit of prejudice against Keene; he was replaced by Judge Charles H. Older. On Friday, July 24, the first day of testimony, Manson appeared in court with an X carved into his forehead (later changed into a swastika) and issued a statement that he was "considered inadequate and incompetent to speak or defend [him]self" &amp;mdash; and had "X'd [him]self from [the establishment's] world." Over the following weekend, the female defendants duplicated the mark on their own foreheads, as, within another day or so, most Family members did, too.

The prosecution placed the triggering of "Helter Skelter" as the main motive. The crime scenes' bloody White Album references&amp;mdash;pig, rise, helter skelter&amp;mdash;were correlated with testimony about Manson predictions that the murders blacks would commit at the outset of Helter Skelter would involve the writing of "pigs" on walls in victims&amp;rsquo; blood.[40][109] Testimony that Manson had said "now is the time for Helter Skelter" was supplemented with Kasabian&amp;rsquo;s testimony that, on the night of the LaBianca murders, Manson considered discarding Rosemary LaBianca's wallet on the street of a black neighborhood. Having obtained the wallet in the LaBianca house, he "wanted a black person to pick it up and use the credit cards so that the people, the establishment, would think it was some sort of an organized group that killed these people." On his direction, Kasabian had hidden it in the women's rest room of a service station near a black area. "I want to show blackie how to do it," Manson had said as the Family members had driven along after the departure from the LaBianca house.</description-text>
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    <description>THE SPRINGFIELD UNION, Massachusetts, January 16, 1971 &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Charles Manson murder trial ends&lt;br /&gt;
* Sharon Tate &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 36 page newspaper has a two column headline on page 8: &amp;quot;Tate Murder Case Goes to the Jury&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tells of the ending of the murder trial involving Charles Manson and his 3 women followers. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day. Large tear on unrelated page (see), little spine wear, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
wikipedia notes:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;At the trial, which began June 15, 1970, the prosecution's main witness was Kasabian, who, along with Manson, Atkins, and Krenwinkel, had been charged with seven counts of murder and one of conspiracy. Not having participated in the killings, she was granted immunity in exchange for testimony that detailed the nights of the crimes. Originally, a deal had been made with Atkins in which the prosecution agreed not to seek the death penalty against her in exchange for her grand jury testimony on which the indictments were secured; once Atkins repudiated that testimony, the deal was withdrawn. Because Van Houten had only participated in the LaBianca killings, she was charged with two counts of murder and one of conspiracy.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Originally, Judge William Keene had reluctantly granted Manson permission to act as his own attorney. Because of his conduct, including violations of a gag order and submission of &amp;quot;outlandish&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;nonsensical&amp;quot; pretrial motions, the permission was withdrawn before the start of the trial. Manson filed an affidavit of prejudice against Keene; he was replaced by Judge Charles H. Older. On Friday, July 24, the first day of testimony, Manson appeared in court with an X carved into his forehead (later changed into a swastika) and issued a statement that he was &amp;quot;considered inadequate and incompetent to speak or defend [him]self&amp;quot; &amp;mdash; and had &amp;quot;X'd [him]self from [the establishment's] world.&amp;quot; Over the following weekend, the female defendants duplicated the mark on their own foreheads, as, within another day or so, most Family members did, too.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The prosecution placed the triggering of &amp;quot;Helter Skelter&amp;quot; as the main motive. The crime scenes' bloody White Album references&amp;mdash;pig, rise, helter skelter&amp;mdash;were correlated with testimony about Manson predictions that the murders blacks would commit at the outset of Helter Skelter would involve the writing of &amp;quot;pigs&amp;quot; on walls in victims&amp;rsquo; blood.[40][109] Testimony that Manson had said &amp;quot;now is the time for Helter Skelter&amp;quot; was supplemented with Kasabian&amp;rsquo;s testimony that, on the night of the LaBianca murders, Manson considered discarding Rosemary LaBianca's wallet on the street of a black neighborhood. Having obtained the wallet in the LaBianca house, he &amp;quot;wanted a black person to pick it up and use the credit cards so that the people, the establishment, would think it was some sort of an organized group that killed these people.&amp;quot; On his direction, Kasabian had hidden it in the women's rest room of a service station near a black area. &amp;quot;I want to show blackie how to do it,&amp;quot; Manson had said as the Family members had driven along after the departure from the LaBianca house.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE SPRINGFIELD UNION, Massachusetts, January 16, 1971 

* Charles Manson murder trial ends
* Sharon Tate 

This 36 page newspaper has a two column headline on page 8: "Tate Murder Case Goes to the Jury".

Tells of the ending of the murder trial involving Charles Manson and his 3 women followers. 

Other news of the day. Large tear on unrelated page (see), little spine wear, otherwise in good condition.

wikipedia notes: At the trial, which began June 15, 1970, the prosecution's main witness was Kasabian, who, along with Manson, Atkins, and Krenwinkel, had been charged with seven counts of murder and one of conspiracy. Not having participated in the killings, she was granted immunity in exchange for testimony that detailed the nights of the crimes. Originally, a deal had been made with Atkins in which the prosecution agreed not to seek the death penalty against her in exchange for her grand jury testimony on which the indictments were secured; once Atkins repudiated that testimony, the deal was withdrawn. Because Van Houten had only participated in the LaBianca killings, she was charged with two counts of murder and one of conspiracy.

Originally, Judge William Keene had reluctantly granted Manson permission to act as his own attorney. Because of his conduct, including violations of a gag order and submission of "outlandish" and "nonsensical" pretrial motions, the permission was withdrawn before the start of the trial. Manson filed an affidavit of prejudice against Keene; he was replaced by Judge Charles H. Older. On Friday, July 24, the first day of testimony, Manson appeared in court with an X carved into his forehead (later changed into a swastika) and issued a statement that he was "considered inadequate and incompetent to speak or defend [him]self" &amp;mdash; and had "X'd [him]self from [the establishment's] world." Over the following weekend, the female defendants duplicated the mark on their own foreheads, as, within another day or so, most Family members did, too.

The prosecution placed the triggering of "Helter Skelter" as the main motive. The crime scenes' bloody White Album references&amp;mdash;pig, rise, helter skelter&amp;mdash;were correlated with testimony about Manson predictions that the murders blacks would commit at the outset of Helter Skelter would involve the writing of "pigs" on walls in victims&amp;rsquo; blood.[40][109] Testimony that Manson had said "now is the time for Helter Skelter" was supplemented with Kasabian&amp;rsquo;s testimony that, on the night of the LaBianca murders, Manson considered discarding Rosemary LaBianca's wallet on the street of a black neighborhood. Having obtained the wallet in the LaBianca house, he "wanted a black person to pick it up and use the credit cards so that the people, the establishment, would think it was some sort of an organized group that killed these people." On his direction, Kasabian had hidden it in the women's rest room of a service station near a black area. "I want to show blackie how to do it," Manson had said as the Family members had driven along after the departure from the LaBianca house.</description-text>
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    <date type="date">1924-09-12</date>
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    <description>THE DAY, New London, Connecticut, September 12, 1924&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Leopold &amp;amp; Loeb get life&lt;br /&gt;
* Bobby Franks murder&lt;br /&gt;
* Thrill Kill case&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 20 page newspaper has a three column headline on the front page: &amp;quot;Leopold and Loeb Near to Death as Car Plunges Over Rails and Ties; Perverts Are Taken to Penitentiary&amp;quot; with subheads. Other news of the day throughout. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Light browning with a few small binding holes along spine, otherwise in good condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;source: wikipedia:&lt;/strong&gt; Nathan Freudenthal Leopold, Jr. (November 19, 1904 &amp;ndash; August 29, 1971) and Richard A. Loeb (June 11, 1905 &amp;ndash; January 28, 1936), more commonly known as Leopold and Loeb, were two wealthy University of Chicago students who murdered 14-year-old Bobby Franks in 1924, and were sentenced to life in prison.[1]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The duo was motivated to murder Franks by their desire to commit a perfect crime. Franks' family, originally Jewish, had renounced their Jewish faith to convert to Christianity.[2] Richard Loeb was born to a Catholic mother and a Jewish father. Once apprehended, Leopold and Loeb retained Clarence Darrow as counsel for the defense; Darrow&amp;rsquo;s summation in their trial is noted for its influential criticisms of the capital punishment and retributive, as opposed to rehabilitative, penal systems.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE DAY, New London, Connecticut, September 12, 1924

* Leopold &amp; Loeb get life
* Bobby Franks murder
* Thrill Kill case

This 20 page newspaper has a three column headline on the front page: "Leopold and Loeb Near to Death as Car Plunges Over Rails and Ties; Perverts Are Taken to Penitentiary" with subheads. Other news of the day throughout. 

Light browning with a few small binding holes along spine, otherwise in good condition.

source: wikipedia: Nathan Freudenthal Leopold, Jr. (November 19, 1904 &amp;ndash; August 29, 1971) and Richard A. Loeb (June 11, 1905 &amp;ndash; January 28, 1936), more commonly known as Leopold and Loeb, were two wealthy University of Chicago students who murdered 14-year-old Bobby Franks in 1924, and were sentenced to life in prison.[1]

The duo was motivated to murder Franks by their desire to commit a perfect crime. Franks' family, originally Jewish, had renounced their Jewish faith to convert to Christianity.[2] Richard Loeb was born to a Catholic mother and a Jewish father. Once apprehended, Leopold and Loeb retained Clarence Darrow as counsel for the defense; Darrow&amp;rsquo;s summation in their trial is noted for its influential criticisms of the capital punishment and retributive, as opposed to rehabilitative, penal systems.
</description-text>
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    <subheader>Leopold and Loeb murder Bobby Franks...</subheader>
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    <date type="date">1992-06-24</date>
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    <description>NEW YORK POST, New York, NY, June 24, 1992&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;* John Gotti gets life sentence&lt;br /&gt;
* Mobster Boss - Gambino crime family&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 56 page famous tabloid sized newspaper has a nice front page headline: &amp;quot;LIFE&amp;quot; with photo of John Gotti.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
More on pages 4 &amp;amp; 5.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nice to have from the city where in happened. Other news of the day throughout. Nice condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
source: wikipedia: &lt;em&gt;Gotti was long under intense electronic surveillance run by the FBI. His club, phones, and other places of business were all bugged. To get around this, he held meetings while walking down the street and played loud tapes of white noise. Eventually the FBI caught him on tape in an apartment above the club discussing a number of murders and other criminal activities. The FBI also caught Gotti denigrating his underboss Salvatore &amp;quot;Sammy The Bull&amp;quot; Gravano.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On December 11, 1990 FBI agents and New York City detectives raided the Ravenite Social Club and arrested Gotti, Gravano, Frank Locascio, and Thomas Gambino.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gotti was charged with 13 counts of murder, conspiracy to commit murder, loansharking, racketeering, obstruction of justice, illegal gambling, tax evasion, and, for the first time, he was charged with the murders of Paul Castellano and Thomas Bilotti.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The federal prosecutor's evidence was overwhelming. Not only did they have Gotti on tape, they also had several witnesses to testify against Gotti. Philip Leonetti, former underboss of the Philadelphia Crime Family was prepared to testify that Gotti bragged to Philadelphia crime leaders that he had ordered Castellano's execution. Prosecutors also persuaded Gravano to testify against his boss with the promise of being entered into the Witness Protection Program. On April 2, 1992, after only 13 hours of deliberation, the jury found Gotti guilty on all 13 charges.[2]&lt;br /&gt;
During the trial, crowds gathered outside the courthouse to lend support to Gotti, and the court was filled with spectators including Peter Gotti, John &amp;quot;Jackie Nose&amp;quot; D'Amico, and celebrities like Jay Black and Mickey Rourke.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On June 23, 1992 Gotti was sentenced to life imprisonment without possibility of parole.[1] It was assumed that Gotti would serve his sentence at the new federal &amp;quot;supermax&amp;quot; facility at Florence, Colorado, but instead he was sent to the older United States Penitentiary at Marion, Illinois, where he was kept in a cell 23 hours a day. His cell was underground and measured eight feet by seven feet. He was allowed out of his cell one hour per day for solitary exercise in a concrete-walled enclosure. He was allowed two showers per week and one radio and a small black and white T.V. set in his cell. Meals were delivered to his cell through a slot in the door. In other words, he was in virtual solitary confinement. (This is standard procedure for all inmates in the restricted units at this Supermax Federal Prison.) While in Marion he had been confined along with convicted spies Jonathan Pollard and Christopher Boyce. Four days after John Gotti was imprisoned at Marion, his father John Gotti Sr. died of heart failure at the age of eighty-five.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Prior to being placed in solitary, Gotti was paying fifty-thousand dollars ($50,000) a year to the Aryan Brotherhood, a notorious prison gang known as &amp;quot;The Brand.&amp;quot; In July, 1996, when Gotti elected to stop paying protection money to the gang, he was retaliated against by another inmate. Gotti's attacker was a 28-year-old bank robber from the city of Philadelphia. Gotti then offered to once again pay his protection fee, asking a contract be placed on his attacker by the Brand. Gotti died of throat cancer before the contract was completed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gotti appointed his caporegime son, John Gotti, Jr. as the family's acting boss who was helped by a three-captain committee to run the family.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>NEW YORK POST, New York, NY, June 24, 1992
 
* John Gotti gets life sentence
* Mobster Boss - Gambino crime family

This 56 page famous tabloid sized newspaper has a nice front page headline: "LIFE" with photo of John Gotti.

More on pages 4 &amp; 5.

Nice to have from the city where in happened. Other news of the day throughout. Nice condition.
 
source: wikipedia: Gotti was long under intense electronic surveillance run by the FBI. His club, phones, and other places of business were all bugged. To get around this, he held meetings while walking down the street and played loud tapes of white noise. Eventually the FBI caught him on tape in an apartment above the club discussing a number of murders and other criminal activities. The FBI also caught Gotti denigrating his underboss Salvatore "Sammy The Bull" Gravano.

On December 11, 1990 FBI agents and New York City detectives raided the Ravenite Social Club and arrested Gotti, Gravano, Frank Locascio, and Thomas Gambino.

Gotti was charged with 13 counts of murder, conspiracy to commit murder, loansharking, racketeering, obstruction of justice, illegal gambling, tax evasion, and, for the first time, he was charged with the murders of Paul Castellano and Thomas Bilotti.

The federal prosecutor's evidence was overwhelming. Not only did they have Gotti on tape, they also had several witnesses to testify against Gotti. Philip Leonetti, former underboss of the Philadelphia Crime Family was prepared to testify that Gotti bragged to Philadelphia crime leaders that he had ordered Castellano's execution. Prosecutors also persuaded Gravano to testify against his boss with the promise of being entered into the Witness Protection Program. On April 2, 1992, after only 13 hours of deliberation, the jury found Gotti guilty on all 13 charges.[2]
During the trial, crowds gathered outside the courthouse to lend support to Gotti, and the court was filled with spectators including Peter Gotti, John "Jackie Nose" D'Amico, and celebrities like Jay Black and Mickey Rourke.

On June 23, 1992 Gotti was sentenced to life imprisonment without possibility of parole.[1] It was assumed that Gotti would serve his sentence at the new federal "supermax" facility at Florence, Colorado, but instead he was sent to the older United States Penitentiary at Marion, Illinois, where he was kept in a cell 23 hours a day. His cell was underground and measured eight feet by seven feet. He was allowed out of his cell one hour per day for solitary exercise in a concrete-walled enclosure. He was allowed two showers per week and one radio and a small black and white T.V. set in his cell. Meals were delivered to his cell through a slot in the door. In other words, he was in virtual solitary confinement. (This is standard procedure for all inmates in the restricted units at this Supermax Federal Prison.) While in Marion he had been confined along with convicted spies Jonathan Pollard and Christopher Boyce. Four days after John Gotti was imprisoned at Marion, his father John Gotti Sr. died of heart failure at the age of eighty-five.

Prior to being placed in solitary, Gotti was paying fifty-thousand dollars ($50,000) a year to the Aryan Brotherhood, a notorious prison gang known as "The Brand." In July, 1996, when Gotti elected to stop paying protection money to the gang, he was retaliated against by another inmate. Gotti's attacker was a 28-year-old bank robber from the city of Philadelphia. Gotti then offered to once again pay his protection fee, asking a contract be placed on his attacker by the Brand. Gotti died of throat cancer before the contract was completed.

Gotti appointed his caporegime son, John Gotti, Jr. as the family's acting boss who was helped by a three-captain committee to run the family.</description-text>
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    <subheader>John Gotti gets life sentence in 1992.....</subheader>
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    <date type="date">1951-03-23</date>
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    <description>THE NEW YORK TIMES, New York, NY, March 23, 1951 &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Julius and Ethel Rosenberg trial&lt;br /&gt;
* Russian spies&lt;br /&gt;
* Atomic bomb info.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This 42 page newspaper has a two column headline near the bottom of the front page:&amp;quot;Rosenberg Says He Is True to U. S. But Won't Tell Spy Jury if He Is Red&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other news of the day throughout including reports on the Alger Hiss verdict and the Chicago Capone gang. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Rag edition in great condition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;wikipedia notes: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The trial of the Rosenbergs and Sobell began on March 6, 1951. The judge was Irving Kaufman and the attorney for the Rosenbergs was Emanuel Hirsch Bloch. The prosecution's primary witness, David Greenglass, stated that his sister Ethel typed notes containing U.S. nuclear secrets in the Rosenberg apartment in September 1945. He also testified that he turned over to Julius Rosenberg a sketch of the cross-section of an implosion-type atom bomb (the &amp;quot;Fat Man&amp;quot; bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan, as opposed to a bomb with the &amp;quot;gun method&amp;quot; triggering device as used in the &amp;quot;Little Boy&amp;quot; bomb dropped on Hiroshima).[citation needed] The notes allegedly typed by Ethel apparently contained little that was relevant to the Soviet atomic bomb project and some suggest Ethel was indicted along with Julius was so that the prosecution could use her to pressure Julius into giving up the names of others who were involved.[13] However, neither Julius nor Ethel Rosenberg named anyone else and during testimony each asserted their right under the U.S. Constitution's Fifth Amendment to not incriminate themselves whenever asked about involvement in the Communist Party or with its members. Then-U.S. Deputy Attorney General William P. Rogers, when later asked about the failure of the indictment of Ethel to leverage a full confession by Julius, reportedly said, &amp;quot;She called our bluff.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Rosenbergs were convicted on March 29, 1951, and on April 5 were sentenced to death by Judge Irving Kaufman under Section 2 of the Espionage Act of 1917, 50 U.S. Code 32 (now 18 U.S. Code 794), which prohibits transmitting or attempting to transmit to a foreign government information &amp;quot;relating to the national defense.&amp;quot;[citation needed] The conviction helped to fuel Senator Joseph McCarthy's investigations into anti-American activities by U.S. citizens. While their devotion to the Communist cause was well-documented, the Rosenbergs denied the espionage charges even as they faced the electric chair.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Rosenbergs were the only two American civilians to be executed for espionage-related activity during the Cold War. In imposing the death penalty, Kaufman noted that he held them responsible not only for espionage but also for the deaths of the Korean War:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; I consider your crime worse than murder...I believe your conduct in putting into the hands of the Russians the A-Bomb years before our best scientists predicted Russia would perfect the bomb has already caused, in my opinion, the Communist aggression in Korea, with the resultant casualties exceeding 50,000 and who knows but that millions more of innocent people may pay the price of your treason. Indeed, by your betrayal you undoubtedly have altered the course of history to the disadvantage of our country. No one can say that we do not live in a constant state of tension. We have evidence of your treachery all around us every day for the civilian defense activities throughout the nation are aimed at preparing us for an atom bomb attack.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After the publication of an investigative series in The National Guardian and the formation of the National Committee to Secure Justice in the Rosenberg Case, some Americans came to believe both Rosenbergs were innocent or received too harsh a punishment, and a grassroots campaign was started to try to stop the couple's execution. Between the trial and the executions there were widespread protests and claims of anti-Semitism.[citation needed]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nobel Prize winner Jean-Paul Sartre called the case &amp;quot;a legal lynching which smears with blood a whole nation. By killing the Rosenbergs, you have quite simply tried to halt the progress of science by human sacrifice. Magic, witch-hunts, auto-da-f&amp;eacute;s, sacrifices &amp;mdash; we are here getting to the point: your country is sick with fear... you are afraid of the shadow of your own bomb.&amp;quot;[17] Others, including non-Communists such as Albert Einstein and Nobel-Prize-winning physical chemist Harold Urey,[citation needed] as well as Communists or left-leaning artists such as Nelson Algren, Dashiell Hammett, Jean Cocteau, Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo, protested the position of the American government in what some[who?] termed America's Dreyfus Affair.[citation needed] In May 1951, Pablo Picasso wrote for French newspaper L&amp;rsquo;Humanit&amp;eacute;, &amp;quot;The hours count. The minutes count. Do not let this crime against humanity take place.&amp;quot;[18] Pope Pius XII also condemned the execution.[19] The all-black International Longshoremen&amp;rsquo;s Association Local 968 stopped working for a day in protest.[20] Cinema artists such as Fritz Lang and Bertolt Brecht registered their protest.[21]Pope Pius XII appealed to President Dwight D. Eisenhower to spare the couple, but Eisenhower refused on February 11, 1953, and all other appeals were also unsuccessful.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Their case has been at the center of the controversy over Communism in the United States ever since, with supporters steadfastly maintaining that their conviction was an egregious example of political persecution (see McCarthyism) and likening it to the witch hunts that marred Salem and medieval Europe (a comparison that provided the inspiration for Arthur Miller's critically acclaimed play, The Crucible).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On September 12, 2008, co-defendant Morton Sobell admitted that he and Julius Rosenberg were guilty of spying for the Soviet Union. He believed Ethel was aware of the espionage, but did not actively participate.&lt;/em&gt;</description>
    <description-text>THE NEW YORK TIMES, New York, NY, March 23, 1951 

* Julius and Ethel Rosenberg trial
* Russian spies
* Atomic bomb info.

This 42 page newspaper has a two column headline near the bottom of the front page:"Rosenberg Says He Is True to U. S. But Won't Tell Spy Jury if He Is Red".

Other news of the day throughout including reports on the Alger Hiss verdict and the Chicago Capone gang. 

Rag edition in great condition.

wikipedia notes: The trial of the Rosenbergs and Sobell began on March 6, 1951. The judge was Irving Kaufman and the attorney for the Rosenbergs was Emanuel Hirsch Bloch. The prosecution's primary witness, David Greenglass, stated that his sister Ethel typed notes containing U.S. nuclear secrets in the Rosenberg apartment in September 1945. He also testified that he turned over to Julius Rosenberg a sketch of the cross-section of an implosion-type atom bomb (the "Fat Man" bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan, as opposed to a bomb with the "gun method" triggering device as used in the "Little Boy" bomb dropped on Hiroshima).[citation needed] The notes allegedly typed by Ethel apparently contained little that was relevant to the Soviet atomic bomb project and some suggest Ethel was indicted along with Julius was so that the prosecution could use her to pressure Julius into giving up the names of others who were involved.[13] However, neither Julius nor Ethel Rosenberg named anyone else and during testimony each asserted their right under the U.S. Constitution's Fifth Amendment to not incriminate themselves whenever asked about involvement in the Communist Party or with its members. Then-U.S. Deputy Attorney General William P. Rogers, when later asked about the failure of the indictment of Ethel to leverage a full confession by Julius, reportedly said, "She called our bluff."

The Rosenbergs were convicted on March 29, 1951, and on April 5 were sentenced to death by Judge Irving Kaufman under Section 2 of the Espionage Act of 1917, 50 U.S. Code 32 (now 18 U.S. Code 794), which prohibits transmitting or attempting to transmit to a foreign government information "relating to the national defense."[citation needed] The conviction helped to fuel Senator Joseph McCarthy's investigations into anti-American activities by U.S. citizens. While their devotion to the Communist cause was well-documented, the Rosenbergs denied the espionage charges even as they faced the electric chair.

The Rosenbergs were the only two American civilians to be executed for espionage-related activity during the Cold War. In imposing the death penalty, Kaufman noted that he held them responsible not only for espionage but also for the deaths of the Korean War:

&amp;ldquo;     I consider your crime worse than murder...I believe your conduct in putting into the hands of the Russians the A-Bomb years before our best scientists predicted Russia would perfect the bomb has already caused, in my opinion, the Communist aggression in Korea, with the resultant casualties exceeding 50,000 and who knows but that millions more of innocent people may pay the price of your treason. Indeed, by your betrayal you undoubtedly have altered the course of history to the disadvantage of our country. No one can say that we do not live in a constant state of tension. We have evidence of your treachery all around us every day for the civilian defense activities throughout the nation are aimed at preparing us for an atom bomb attack.    &amp;rdquo;

After the publication of an investigative series in The National Guardian and the formation of the National Committee to Secure Justice in the Rosenberg Case, some Americans came to believe both Rosenbergs were innocent or received too harsh a punishment, and a grassroots campaign was started to try to stop the couple's execution. Between the trial and the executions there were widespread protests and claims of anti-Semitism.[citation needed]

Nobel Prize winner Jean-Paul Sartre called the case "a legal lynching which smears with blood a whole nation. By killing the Rosenbergs, you have quite simply tried to halt the progress of science by human sacrifice. Magic, witch-hunts, auto-da-f&amp;eacute;s, sacrifices &amp;mdash; we are here getting to the point: your country is sick with fear... you are afraid of the shadow of your own bomb."[17] Others, including non-Communists such as Albert Einstein and Nobel-Prize-winning physical chemist Harold Urey,[citation needed] as well as Communists or left-leaning artists such as Nelson Algren, Dashiell Hammett, Jean Cocteau, Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo, protested the position of the American government in what some[who?] termed America's Dreyfus Affair.[citation needed] In May 1951, Pablo Picasso wrote for French newspaper L&amp;rsquo;Humanit&amp;eacute;, "The hours count. The minutes count. Do not let this crime against humanity take place."[18] Pope Pius XII also condemned the execution.[19] The all-black International Longshoremen&amp;rsquo;s Association Local 968 stopped working for a day in protest.[20] Cinema artists such as Fritz Lang and Bertolt Brecht registered their protest.[21]Pope Pius XII appealed to President Dwight D. Eisenhower to spare the couple, but Eisenhower refused on February 11, 1953, and all other appeals were also unsuccessful.

Their case has been at the center of the controversy over Communism in the United States ever since, with supporters steadfastly maintaining that their conviction was an egregious example of political persecution (see McCarthyism) and likening it to the witch hunts that marred Salem and medieval Europe (a comparison that provided the inspiration for Arthur Miller's critically acclaimed play, The Crucible).

On September 12, 2008, co-defendant Morton Sobell admitted that he and Julius Rosenberg were guilty of spying for the Soviet Union. He believed Ethel was aware of the espionage, but did not actively participate.</description-text>
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    <subheader>Rosenbergs trial...</subheader>
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    <description>LESLIE'S ILLUSTRATED, N.Y., May 23, 1868 The frontpage features a halfpage illustration &amp;quot;The Impeachment Trial - The Order To Clear the Galleries - Sen. Trumbull Moving For The Arrest Of The Disorderly Spectators.&amp;quot;&amp;nbsp; A fullpage &amp;quot; The Impeachement Trial - Scene In The Senate - The Audience In The Galleries Applauding At the Close Of Manager Bingham's Speech.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is complete in 16 pages measuring approximately 11.5 x 16 inches and is in good condition with lite foxing. See photos for details.</description>
    <description-text>LESLIE'S ILLUSTRATED, N.Y., May 23, 1868 The frontpage features a halfpage illustration "The Impeachment Trial - The Order To Clear the Galleries - Sen. Trumbull Moving For The Arrest Of The Disorderly Spectators."  A fullpage " The Impeachement Trial - Scene In The Senate - The Audience In The Galleries Applauding At the Close Of Manager Bingham's Speech." 

This is complete in 16 pages measuring approximately 11.5 x 16 inches and is in good condition with lite foxing. See photos for details.</description-text>
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    <subheader>Impeachment Trial of Andrew Johnson...</subheader>
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    <date type="date">1868-04-04</date>
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    <description>LESLIE'S ILLUSTRATED, from New York, dated April 4, 1868 A fullpage inside has two halfpage illustrations: &amp;quot;Scene In The Rotunda Of The Capitol, During The Impeachment Trial&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;President Johnson Consulting With His Counsel In His Business Office, Preparing The Answer To The Articles Of Impeachment.&amp;quot; Another fullpage &amp;quot;The Senate Chamber, During The Withdrawal Of The Senators For Secret Consultation, On The Opening Day Of Impeachment.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is complete in 16 pages measuring approximately 11.5 x 16 inches with frontpage having some binding residue in the left margin, otherwise in good condition. See photos for details.</description>
    <description-text>LESLIE'S ILLUSTRATED, from New York, dated April 4, 1868 A fullpage inside has two halfpage illustrations: "Scene In The Rotunda Of The Capitol, During The Impeachment Trial" and "President Johnson Consulting With His Counsel In His Business Office, Preparing The Answer To The Articles Of Impeachment." Another fullpage "The Senate Chamber, During The Withdrawal Of The Senators For Secret Consultation, On The Opening Day Of Impeachment." 

This is complete in 16 pages measuring approximately 11.5 x 16 inches with frontpage having some binding residue in the left margin, otherwise in good condition. See photos for details.</description-text>
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    <header nil="true"></header>
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    <subheader>Impeachment Trial of Andrew Johnson...</subheader>
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    <created-at type="datetime">2009-08-21T09:15:32-04:00</created-at>
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    <date type="date">1868-03-28</date>
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    <description>LESLIE'S WEEKLY,from New York, dated March 28, 1868 Full ftpg: &amp;quot;Judge Nelson, Administering The Oath To Chief Justice Chase, As Presiding Officer By the Court Of Impeachment, In The Senate Chamber.&amp;quot; Fullpg. has two halfpg. illus: &amp;quot;Chief Justice Chase, As President Of The Court Of Impeachment, Administering The Oath To Senator Wade, In The Senate Chamber&amp;quot; &amp;amp; &amp;quot;Mr. Geo. T. Brown, Sergeant-At-Arms Of The Senate, Serving President Johnson, At His Office In The White House, The Summons To Appear Before The High Court Of Impeachment.&amp;quot; Fullpg: &amp;quot;Opening Of The High Court Of Impeachment In The Senate Chamber...For The Trial Of Andrew Johnson.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is complete in 16 pages measuring approximately 11.5 x16 inches with a few archival mends, small black-inked library stamp in the upper margin of the frontpage. See photos for details.</description>
    <description-text>LESLIE'S WEEKLY,from New York, dated March 28, 1868 Full ftpg: "Judge Nelson, Administering The Oath To Chief Justice Chase, As Presiding Officer By the Court Of Impeachment, In The Senate Chamber." Fullpg. has two halfpg. illus: "Chief Justice Chase, As President Of The Court Of Impeachment, Administering The Oath To Senator Wade, In The Senate Chamber" &amp; "Mr. Geo. T. Brown, Sergeant-At-Arms Of The Senate, Serving President Johnson, At His Office In The White House, The Summons To Appear Before The High Court Of Impeachment." Fullpg: "Opening Of The High Court Of Impeachment In The Senate Chamber...For The Trial Of Andrew Johnson." 

This is complete in 16 pages measuring approximately 11.5 x16 inches with a few archival mends, small black-inked library stamp in the upper margin of the frontpage. See photos for details.</description-text>
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    <price type="decimal">54.0</price>
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    <subheader>Johnson served summons...  Impeachment...</subheader>
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